J.P. Euzéby: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature

Updated: February 08, 2010

Some prokaryotic names without standing in nomenclature

Number of names cited in this file: 659

Introduction

A frequently asked question is "why a name in current use does not appear in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature?"
Of course, it is possible that I have made an error or an omission. However, more often, the name is not included because it has no standing in nomenclature.

The Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision), together with changes approved and published by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (see Alterations to the Bacteriological Code), is the cornerstone of prokaryotic nomenclature. It states that the name of a new taxon, or a new combination for an existing taxon, is validly published if one of the following criteria is met.

1) The name is cited in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names.

The Approved Lists of Bacterial Names contain all the prokaryotic names having standing in nomenclature on 1 January 1980 and they set a new starting point in prokaryotic nomenclature [Rule 24a]. When bacteriologists agreed to make a new start in prokaryotic nomenclature, they were faced with tens of thousands of names in the literature of the past. Except 2,336 names, it was impossible to tell exactly what prokaryotes they referred to. These 2,336 were therefore retained in the Approved Lists. See: Sneath and Brenner: "Official" nomenclature lists. ASM News, 1992, 58, 175.

2) The name is published in papers in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (IJSB) or in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM) and conforms to requirements laid down in the Bacteriological Code.

3) The name is validly published by announcement in a validation list.

Validation Lists are lists published in the IJSB/IJSEM, serving as a mechanism for validly publishing prokaryotic names which have been effectively*, but not validly published.
Announcement in a Validation List is primarily the responsibility of the author(s) of the new names or new combinations. However, other individuals may also submit a new name or new combination for valid publication, provided it conforms to the rules of the code. Scientists wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in a list should send the pertinent reprint or a photocopy or a PDF file thereof to the IJSEM Editorial Office**. Citation in a Validation List is not automatic! Papers will be reviewed by a IJSEM Editor and by the Lists Editor.

Starting in August 2002, it is also a requirement of the IJSEM and the ICSP (International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes) that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in at least two recognized culture collections in two different countries.
On 29 July 2002, the Judicial Commission confirmed this decision, although rare exceptions can be accepted in those cases where maintenance conditions for the culture are so exceptional (e.g. obligate barophilies or extremely virulent pathogens) that not more than one culture collection can be found which is able to maintain the strain.

For more information, see:
1 EUZÉBY (J.P.) and TINDALL (B.J.): Valid publications of new names or new combinations: making use of the Validation Lists. ASM News, 2004, 70, 258-259. Available on the Internet.
2 TINDALL (B.J.), KÄMPFER (P.), EUZÉBY (J.P.) and OREN (A.): Valid publication of names of prokaryotes according to the rules of nomenclature: past history and current practice. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 2715-2720.
Original article in IJSEM Online

The names cited below are either not effectively published or effectively but not validly published.

Warning:
. The numerous names (more than 22,000!) published before the 1 January 1980 and not included in the Approved Lists are not listed below.
. Names cited in the file IJSEM: Papers in Press, are not listed below.
. This list is not exhaustive.
. Some names listed below might be in the process of being validly published.

"Abiotrophia para-adiacens" Kanamoto et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: KANAMOTO (T.), SATO (S.) and INOUE (M.): Genetic heterogeneities and phenotypic characteristics of strains of the genus Abiotrophia and proposal of Abiotrophia para-adiacens sp. nov. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2000, 38, 492-498.

"Acetobacter xylinum subsp. nonacetoxidans" Kojima et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain BPR 2002 = JCM 10150.
Reference: KOJIMA (Y.), TONOUCHI (N.), TSUCHIDA (T.), YOSHINAGA (F.) and YAMADA (Y.): The characterization of acetic acid bacteria efficiently producing bacterial cellulose from sucrose: The proposal of Acetobacter xylinum subsp. nonacetoxidans subsp. nov. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 1998, 62, 185-187.

"Acetobacter carbinolicum subsp. kysingense" Paarup et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SyrA5 = DSM 16427 = ATCC BAA-990.
Reference: PAARUP (M.)., FRIEDRICH (M.W.), TINDALL (B.J.) and FINSTER (K.): Characterization of the psychrotolerant acetogen strain SyrA5 and the emended description of the species Acetobacterium carbinolicum. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2006, 89, 55-69. Effective publication Online

"Acetobacterium psammolithicum" Krumholz et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CN-E = SMCC/W 751.
Reference: KRUMHOLZ (L.R.), HARRIS (S.H.), TAY (S.T.) and SUFLITA (J.M.): Characterization of two subsurface H2-utilizing bacteria, Desulfomicrobium hypogeium sp. nov. and Acetobacterium psammolithicum sp. nov., and their ecological roles. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1999, 65, 2300-2306.

"Achromobacter cobalamini" Shteinberg et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: SHTEINBERG (B.I.), GEBGARDT (A.G.) and DATSIUK (N.M.): Possible reason for growth inhibition of Achromobacter cobalamini sp. nov. growing on molasses medi (in Russian). Mikrobiol. Zh.,1982, 44, 18-22.

"Acidimethylosilex" Pol et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Acidimethylosilex fumarolicum" Pol et al.
Reference: POL (A.), HEIJMANS (K.), HARHANGI (H.R.), TEDESCO (D.), JETTEN (M.S.M.) and OP DEN CAMP (H.J.M.): Methanotrophy below pH 1 by a new Verrucomicrobia species. Nature, 2007, 450, 874-878. Effective publication Online

"Acidimethylosilex fumarolicum" Pol et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: no type strain designated.
Reference: POL (A.), HEIJMANS (K.), HARHANGI (H.R.), TEDESCO (D.), JETTEN (M.S.M.) and OP DEN CAMP (H.J.M.): Methanotrophy below pH 1 by a new Verrucomicrobia species. Nature, 2007, 450, 874-878. Effective publication Online

"Acidianus manzaensis" Yoshida et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain NA-1 = NBRC 100595 = ATCC BAA 1057.
Reference: YOSHIDA (N.), NAKASATO (M.), OHMURA (N.), ANDO (A.), SAIKI (H.), ISHII (M.) and IGARASHI (Y.): Acidianus manzaensis sp. nov., a novel thermoacidophilic archaeon growing autotrophically by the oxidation of H2 with the reduction of Fe3+. Current Microbiol, 2006, 53, 406-411. Effective publication Online

"Acidianus tengchongenses" He et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain S5.
Reference: HE (Z.), LI (Y.) and ZHOU (P.): Study on reclassification of extremely thermoacidophilic archaea strain S5. (in Chinese). Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao, 2001, 41, 259-264.

"Acidianus tengchongensis" He et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain S5.
Reference: HE (Z.G.), ZHONG (H.) and LI (Y.): Acidianus tengchongensis sp. nov., a new species of acidothermophilic archaeon isolated from an acidothermal spring. Curr. Microbiol., 2004, 48, 159-163.

"Acidilobus sulfurireducens" Boyd et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 18D70.
Reference: BOYD (E.S.), JACKSON (R.A.), ENCARNACION (G.), ZAHN (J.A.), BEARD (T.), LEAVITT (W.D.), PI (Y.), ZHANG (C.L.), PEARSON (A.), D'IMPERIO (S.), McDERMOTT (T.R.) and GEESEY (G.G.): Isolation, characterization, and ecology of sulfur-respiring Crenarchaea inhabiting acid-sulfate-chloride geothermal springs in Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2007, 73, 6669-6677. Effective publication Online

"Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans" Hallberg et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain NO-37 = JCM 15606 = DSM 22755.
Reference: HALLBERG (K.B.), GONZÁLEZ-TORIL (E.) and JOHNSON (D.B.): Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, sp. nov.; facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant iron-, and sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles isolated from metal mine-impacted environments. Extremophiles, 2010, 14, 9-19. Effective publication Online

"Acidovorax psychrofacilis" Vasil'eva et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Z-0064.
Reference: VASIL'EVA (L.V.), SAVEL'EVA (N.D.), OMEL'CHENKO (M.V.), LYSENKO (A.M.), PUSHEVA (M.A.), TROTSENKO (Y.A.) and ZAVARZIN (G.A.): Arthrobacter crygenae sp. nov. and Acidovorax psychrofacilis sp. nov., psychrophilic hydrogen bacteria from tundra soil. Microbiologiya, 1998, 67, 195-200 [English language translation].

"Acinetobacter antiviralis" Lee et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain KNF2022 = KCTC 0699BP.
Reference: LEE (J.S.), LEE (K.C.), KIM (K.K.), HWANG (I.C.), JANG (C.), KIM (N.G.), YEO (W.H.), KIM (B.S.), YU (Y.M.) and AHN (J.S.): Acinetobacter antiviralis sp. nov., from tobacco plant roots. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2009, 19, 250-256. Effective publication Online

"Acinetobacter marinus" Yoon et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SW-3 = KCTC 12259 = DSM 16312.
Reference: YOON (J.H.), KIM (I.G.), OH (T.K.): Acinetobacter marinus sp. nov. and Acinetobacter seohaensis sp. nov., isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 17, 1743-1750. Effective publication Online (PDF)

"Acinetobacter seohaensis" Yoon et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SW-100 = KCTC 12260 = DSM 16313.
Reference: YOON (J.H.), KIM (I.G.), OH (T.K.): Acinetobacter marinus sp. nov. and Acinetobacter seohaensis sp. nov., isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 17, 1743-1750. Effective publication Online (PDF)

"Acinetobacter septicus" Kilic et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AK001.
Reference: KILIC (A.), LI (H.), MELLMANN (A.), BASUSTAOGLU (A.C.), KUL (M.), SENSES (Z.), AYDOGAN (H.), STRATTON (C.W.), HARMSEN (D.) et TANG (Y.W.): Acinetobacter septicus sp. nov, associated with a nosocomial outbreak of bacteremia in a neonatal intensive care unit. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2008, 46, 902-908. Effective publication Online

"Acinetobacter venetianus" Di Cello et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: DI CELLO (F.), PEPI (M.), BALDI (F.) and FANI (R.): Molecular characterization on an n-alkane-degrading bacterial community and identification of a new species, Acinetobacter venetianus. Res. Microbiol., 1997, 148, 237-249.
Note: "Acinetobacter venetianus" Di Cello et al. 1997 is now known as ¤ Acinetobacter venetianus Vaneechoutte et al. 2009 ex Di Cello et al. 1997.

"Actinomadura albolutea" Tohyama et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SF-2140.
Reference: TOHYAMA (H.), MIYADOH (S.), ITO (M.), SHOMURA (T.), ITO (T.), ISHIKAWA (T.) and KOJIMA (M.): A new indole N-glycoside antibiotic SF-2140 from an Actinomadura. I. Taxonomy and fermentation of producing microorganism. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1984, 37, 1144-1148.

"Actinomadura maheshkhaliensis" Ara et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 13-12(50) = JCM 13934 = MTCC 8055.
Reference: ARA (I.), MATSUMOTO (A.), ABDUL BAKIR (M.), KUDO (T.), OMURA (S.) and TAKAHASHI (Y.): Actinomadura maheshkhaliensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from mangrove rhizosphere soil of Maheshkhali, Bangladesh. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 54, 335-342. Effective publication Online

"Actinomadura melliaura" Matson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SCC 1655.
Reference: MATSON (J.A.), CLARIDGE (C.), BUSH (J.A.), TITUS (J.), BRADNER (W.T.), DOYLE (T.W.), HORAN (A.C.) and PATEL (M.): AT2433-A1, AT2433-A2, AT2433-B1, and AT2433-B2 novel antitumor antibiotic compounds produced by Actinomadura melliaura. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological properties. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1989, 42, 1547-1555.

"Actinomadura pulveracea" Iwami et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 6049.
Reference: IWAMI (M.), KIYOTO (S.), NISHIKAWA (M.), TERANO (H.), KOHSAKA (M.), AOKI (H.) and IMANAKA (H.): New antitumor antibiotics, FR-900405 and FR-900406. I. Taxonomy of the producing strain. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1985, 38, 835-839.

"Actinomadura routienii" Huang, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CULLEN (W.P.), CELMER (W.D.), CHAPPEL (L.R.), HUANG (L.H.), MAEDA (H.), NISHIYAMA (S.), SHIBAKAWA (R.), TONE (J.) and WATTS (P.C.): CP-54,883 a novel chlorine-containing polyether antibiotic produced by a new species of Actinomadura: taxonomy of the producing culture, fermentation, physico-chemical and biological properties of the antibiotic. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1987, 40, 1490-1495.

"Actinomadura spiculosospora" Koguchi et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain K-4.
Reference: KOGUCHI (T.), YAMADA (K.), YAMATO (M.), OKACHI (R.), NAKAYAMA (K.) and KASE (H.): K-4, a novel inhibitor of angiotensin I converting enzyme produced by Actinomadura spiculosospora. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1986, 39, 364-371.

"Actinomadura spinosa" Saitoh et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AA0851.
Reference: SAITOH (K.), TENMYO (O.), YAMAMOTO (S.), FURUMAI (T.) and OKI (T.): Pradimicin S, a new pradimicin analog. I. Taxonomy, fermentation and biological activities. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1993, 46, 580-588.

"Actinomyces houstonensis" Clarridge III and Zhang, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: Houston VAMC strain 3971.
Reference: CLARRIDGE III (J.E.) and ZHANG (Q.): Genotypic diversity of clinical Actinomyces species: phenotype, source, and disease correlation among genospecies. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2002, 40, 3442-3448.

"Actinoplanes arizonaensis" Karwowski et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AB660D-122.
Reference: KARWOWSKI (J.P.), JACKSON (M.), THERIAULT (R.J.), PROKOP (J.F.), MAUS (M.L.), HANSEN (C.F.) and HENSEY (D.M.): Arizonins, a new complex of antibiotics related to kalafungin. I. Taxonomy of the producing culture, fermentation and biological activity. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1988, 41, 1205-1211.

"Actinoplanes awajinensis subsp. mycoplanecinus" Torikata et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 41042.
Reference: TORIKATA (A.), ENOKITA (R.), OKAZAKI (T.), NAKAJIMA (M.), IWADO (S.), HANEISHI (T.) and ARAI (M.): Mycoplanecins, novel antimycobacterial antibiotics from Actinoplanes awajinensis subsp. mycoplanecinus subsp. nov. I. Taxonomy of producing organism and fermentation. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1983, 36, 957-960.

"Actinoplanes coloradoensis" Jackson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: JACKSON (M.), KARWOWSKI (J.P.), THERIAULT (R.J.), FERNANDES (P.B.), SEMON (R.C.) and KOHL (W.L.): Coloradocin, an antibiotic from a new Actinoplanes. I. Taxonomy, fermentation and biological properties. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1987, 40, 1375-1382.

"Actinoplanes teichomyceticus" Parenti et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AB/8327 = A8327 = FERM-P 3462 = ATCC 31121.
Reference: PARENTI (F.), BERETTA (G.), BERTI (M.) and ARIOLI (V.): Teichomycins, new antibiotics from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus Nov. Sp. I. Description of the producer strain, fermentation studies and biological properties. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1978, 31, 276-283.

"Actinosporangium bohemicum" Bush et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain C-36,145.
Reference: BUSH (J.A.), BRADNER (W.T.) and TOMITA (K.): Production and biological activity of marcellomycin, an antitumor anthracycline antibiotic, and taxonomy of the producing organism. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1982, 35, 1174-1183.

"Aegyptianella botuliformis" Huchzermeyer et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: not cultivated. Giemsa stained slides of guineafowl blood infected with Aegyptianelle botuliformis have been deposited in the blood parasite collection of the Protozoology Section of the Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort, Republic of South Africa (N° 6145-6154).
Reference: HUCHZERMEYER (F.W.), HORAK (I.G.), PUTTERILL (J.F.) and EARLÉ (R.A.): Description of Aegyptianella botuliformis n. sp. (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) from the helmeted guineafowl, Numida meleagris. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res., 1992, 59, 97-101.

"Aegyptianella minutus" Peirce, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: not cultivated. Hapantotype slide: IRCAH: 4215 from Alicippe peracensis coll. McClure 6 April 1959, deposited in the IRCAH, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Australia.
Reference: PEIRCE (M.A.): A new species of Aegyptianella from south-east Asia. Vet. Rec., 1999, 145, 288.

"Aegyptianella ranarum" Desser, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: not cultivated.
Reference: DESSER (S.S.): Aegyptianella ranarum sp. n. (Rickettsiales, Anaplasmataceae): ultrastructure and prevalence in frogs from Ontario. J. Wildl. Dis., 1987, 23, 52-59.
Note: In 2004, Zhang and Rikihisa proposed to transfer "Aegyptianella ranarum" Desser 1987 to the family ¤ Flavobacteriaceae as ¤ "Candidatus Hemobacterium ranarum" Zhang and Rikihisa 2004.

"Aerococcaceae" Ludwig et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Aerococcus Williams et al. 1953 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Family II. Aerococcaceae fam. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 533.

"Aeromonas diversa" Miñana-Galbis et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CDC 2478-85 = CECT 4254 = ATCC 43946 = LMG 17321.
Reference: MIÑANA-GALBIS (D.), FARFÁN (M.), LORÉN (J.G.) and FUSTÉ (M.C.): Proposal to assign Aeromonas diversa sp. nov. as a novel species designation for Aeromonas group 501. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2010, 33, 15-19. Effective publication Online

"Aeromonas tecta" Demarta et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain F518 = CECT7082 = DSM17300 = MDC91.
Reference: DEMARTA (A.), KÜPFER (M.), RIEGEL (P.), HARF-MONTEIL (C.), TONOLLA (M.), PEDUZZI (R.), MONERA (A.), SAAVEDRA (M.J.) and MARTÍNEZ-MURCIA (A.): Aeromonas tecta sp. nov., isolated from clinical and environmental sources. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 31, 278-286. Effective publication Online

"Algorimarina" Kendall et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Algorimarina butyrica" Kendall et al.
Reference: KENDALL (M.M.), LIU (Y.) and BOONE (D.R.): Butyrate- and propionate-degrading syntrophs from permanently cold marine sediments in Skan Bay, Alaska, and description of Algorimarina butyrica gen. nov., sp. nov. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2006, 262, 107-114. Effective publication Online

"Algorimarina butyrica" Kendall et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AK-B = OCM 842.
Reference: KENDALL (M.M.), LIU (Y.) and BOONE (D.R.): Butyrate- and propionate-degrading syntrophs from permanently cold marine sediments in Skan Bay, Alaska, and description of Algorimarina butyrica gen. nov., sp. nov. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2006, 262, 107-114. Effective publication Online

"Alicyclobacillaceae" da Costa and Rainey, fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Alicyclobacillus Wisotzkey et al. 1992.
Reference: DA COSTA (M.S.) and RAINEY (F.A.): Family II. Alicyclobacillaceae fam. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 229.

"Aliihoeflea" Roh et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Aliihoeflea aestuarii" Roh et al.
Reference: ROH (S.W.), KIM (K.H.), NAM (Y.D.), CHANG (H.W.), KIM (M.S.), SHIN (K.S.), YOON (J.H.), OH (H.M.) and BAE (J.W.): Aliihoeflea aestuarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from tidal flat sediment. J. Microbiol., 2008, 46, 594-598. Effective publication Online

"Aliihoeflea aestuarii" Roh et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain N8 = KCTC 22052 = JCM 15118 = DSM 19536.
Reference: ROH (S.W.), KIM (K.H.), NAM (Y.D.), CHANG (H.W.), KIM (M.S.), SHIN (K.S.), YOON (J.H.), OH (H.M.) and BAE (J.W.): Aliihoeflea aestuarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from tidal flat sediment. J. Microbiol., 2008, 46, 594-598. Effective publication Online

"Alkaliphilus metalliredigens" Ye et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain QYMF.
Reference: YE (Q.), ROH (Y.), CARROLL (S.L.), BLAIR (B.), ZHOU (J.), ZHANG (C.L.) and FIELDS (M.W.): Alkaline anaerobic respiration: isolation and characterization of a novel alkaliphilic and metal-reducing bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2004. 70, 5595-5602.

"Alkanindiges hongkongensis" Woo et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain HKU9.
Reference: WOO (P.C.Y.), TSE (H.), LAU (S.K.P.), LEUNG (K.W.), WOO (G.K.S.), WONG (M.K.M.), HO (C.M.) and YUEN (K.Y.): Alkanindiges hongkongensis sp. nov. A novel Alkanindiges species isolated from a patient with parotid abscess. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2005, 28, 316-322.

"Alteromonas halophila" Chen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain JSM 073008 = CCTCC AA 207035 = KCTC 22164.
Reference: CHEN (Y.G.), XIAO (H.D.), TANG (S.K.), ZHANG (Y.Q.), BORRATHYBAY (E.) CUI (X.L.), LI (W.J.) and LIU (Y.Q.): Alteromonas halophila sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea anemone. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2009, 96, 259-266. Effective publication Online

"Alteromonas infernus" Raguénès et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain GY785 = CNCM I-1628.
Reference: RAGUÉNÈS (G.H.C.), PERES (A.), RUIMY (R.), PIGNET (P.), CHRISTEN (R.), LOAEC (M.), ROUGEAUX (H.), BARBIER (G.) and GUEZENNEC (J.G.): Alteromonas infernus sp. nov., a new polysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. J. Appl. Microbiol., 1997, 82, 422-430.

"Alteromonas macleodii subsp. fijiensis" Raguenes et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ST716 = CNCM I-1627.
Reference: RAGUENES (G.), PIGNET (P.), GAUTHIER (G.), PERES (A.), CHRISTEN (R.), ROUGEAUX (H.), BARBIER (G.) and GUEZENNEC (J.): Description of a new polymer-secreting bacterium from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent, Alteromonas macleodii subsp. fijiensis, and preliminary characterization of the polymer. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1996, 62, 67-73.

"Alteromonas rava" Kodama et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SANK 73390.
Reference: KODAMA (K.), SHIOZAWA (H.) and ISHII (A.): Alteromonas rava sp. nov., a marine bacterium that produces a new antibiotic, thiomarinol. Annu. Rep. Sankyo Res. Lab., 1993, 45, 131-136.

"Amphibacillus haojiensis" Zhao et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain F10.
Reference: ZHAO (D.P.), ZHANG (W.Z.), XUE (Y.F.) and MA (Y.H.): Amphibacillus haojiensis sp. nov.-a novel alkaliphilic and slight halophilic bacterium from Haoji Soda Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. (in Chinese).Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao., 2004, 44, 720-723.

"Ampullariella cylindrica" Jiang and Ruan, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain IFO 14264.
Reference: JIANG (C.) and RUAN (J.): Two new species and a new variety of Ampullariella. Acta Microbiol. Sin., 1982, 22, 207-211.

"Ampullariella pilifera" Jiang and Ruan, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain IFO 14265.
Reference: JIANG (C.) and RUAN (J.): Two new species and a new variety of Ampullariella. Acta Microbiol. Sin., 1982, 22, 207-211.

"Ampullariella regularis subsp. mannitophila" Itoh et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 43871 = FERM-P 5646.
Reference: ITOH (Y.), ENOKITA (R.), OKAZAKI (T.), IWADO (S.), TORIKATA (A.), HANEISHI (T.) and ARAI (M.): Candiplanecin, a new antibiotic from Ampullariella regularis subsp. mannitophila subsp. nov. I. Taxonomy of producing organism and fermentation. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1981, 34, 929-933.

"Anaerobacillus" Zavarzina et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre" Zavarzina et al.
Reference: ZAVARZINA (D.G.), TOUROVA (T.P.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), BOULYGINA (E.S.) and ZHILINA (T.N.): Description of Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre gen. nov., sp. nov.— Strictly anaerobic diazotrophic bacillus isolated from soda lake and transfer of Bacillus arseniciselenatis, Bacillus macyae, and Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus to Anaerobacillus as the new combinations A. arseniciselenatis comb. nov., A. macyae comb. nov., and A. alkalidiazotrophicus comb. nov. Microbiology, 2009, 78, 723-731. Effective publication Online

"Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre" Zavarzina et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Z-0521 = VKM B-2403 = DSMZ 18345.
Reference: ZAVARZINA (D.G.), TOUROVA (T.P.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), BOULYGINA (E.S.) and ZHILINA (T.N.): Description of Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre gen. nov., sp. nov.— Strictly anaerobic diazotrophic bacillus isolated from soda lake and transfer of Bacillus arseniciselenatis, Bacillus macyae, and Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus to Anaerobacillus as the new combinations A. arseniciselenatis comb. nov., A. macyae comb. nov., and A. alkalidiazotrophicus comb. nov. Microbiology, 2009, 78, 723-731. Effective publication Online

"Anaerobacillus alkalidiazotrophicus" (Sorokin et al. 2008) Zavarzina et al., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain MS 6 = NCCB100213 = UNIQEM U377.
Basonym: Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus Sorokin et al. 2008.
Reference: ZAVARZINA (D.G.), TOUROVA (T.P.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), BOULYGINA (E.S.) and ZHILINA (T.N.): Description of Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre gen. nov., sp. nov.— Strictly anaerobic diazotrophic bacillus isolated from soda lake and transfer of Bacillus arseniciselenatis, Bacillus macyae, and Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus to Anaerobacillus as the new combinations A. arseniciselenatis comb. nov., A. macyae comb. nov., and A. alkalidiazotrophicus comb. nov. Microbiology, 2009, 78, 723-731. Effective publication Online

"Anaerobacillus arseniciselenatis" (Switzer Blum et al. 2001) Zavarzina et al., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain E1H = ATCC 700614.
Basonym: Bacillus arseniciselenatis corrig. Switzer Blum et al. 2001.
Reference: ZAVARZINA (D.G.), TOUROVA (T.P.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), BOULYGINA (E.S.) and ZHILINA (T.N.): Description of Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre gen. nov., sp. nov.— Strictly anaerobic diazotrophic bacillus isolated from soda lake and transfer of Bacillus arseniciselenatis, Bacillus macyae, and Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus to Anaerobacillus as the new combinations A. arseniciselenatis comb. nov., A. macyae comb. nov., and A. alkalidiazotrophicus comb. nov. Microbiology, 2009, 78, 723-731. Effective publication Online

"Anaerobacillus macyae" (Santini et al. 2004) Zavarzina et al., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain JMM-4 = DSM 16346 = JCM 12340.
Basonym: Bacillus macyae Santini et al. 2004.
Reference: ZAVARZINA (D.G.), TOUROVA (T.P.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), BOULYGINA (E.S.) and ZHILINA (T.N.): Description of Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre gen. nov., sp. nov.— Strictly anaerobic diazotrophic bacillus isolated from soda lake and transfer of Bacillus arseniciselenatis, Bacillus macyae, and Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus to Anaerobacillus as the new combinations A. arseniciselenatis comb. nov., A. macyae comb. nov., and A. alkalidiazotrophicus comb. nov. Microbiology, 2009, 78, 723-731. Effective publication Online

"Anaerococcus murdochii" Song et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain WAL 17230 = CCUG 53340 = ATCC BAA-1385.
Reference: SONG (Y.), LIU (C.) and FINEGOLD (S.M.): Peptoniphilus gorbachii sp. nov., Peptoniphilus olsenii sp. nov. and Anaerococcus murdochii sp. nov. isolated from clinical specimens of human origin. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2007, 45, 1746-1752. Effective publication Online

"Anaerospora" Woo et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Anaerospora hongkongensis" Woo et al.
Reference: WOO (P.C.), TENG (J.L.), LEUNG (K.W.), LAU (S.K.), WOO (G.K.), WONG (A.C.), WONG (M.K.) and YUEN (K.Y.): Anaerospora hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov., a novel genus and species with ribosomal dna operon heterogeneity isolated from an intravenous drug abuser with pseudobacteremia. Microbiol. Immunol., 2005, 49, 31-39.

"Anaerospora hongkongensis" Woo et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain HKU15 = DSM 15969 = LMG 22014.
Reference: WOO (P.C.), TENG (J.L.), LEUNG (K.W.), LAU (S.K.), WOO (G.K.), WONG (A.C.), WONG (M.K.) and YUEN (K.Y.): Anaerospora hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov., a novel genus and species with ribosomal dna operon heterogeneity isolated from an intravenous drug abuser with pseudobacteremia. Microbiol. Immunol., 2005, 49, 31-39.

"Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus" Firsova et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain DM16 = DSM 21507 = VKMB-2484.
Reference: FIRSOVA (J.), DORONINA (N.), LANG (E.), SPRÖER (C.), VUILLEUMIER (S.) and TROTSENKO (Y.): Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus sp. nov. - a new aerobic facultatively methylotrophic bacterium utilizing dichloromethane. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2009, 32, 227-232. Effective publication Online

"Ancylobacter natronum" Doronina et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: DORONINA (N.V.), DARMAEVA (T.D.) and TROTSENKO (Y.A.): Novel aerobic methylotrophic isolates from the soda lakes of the Southern Transbaikal Region. Microbiologiya, 2001, 70, 342-348 [English language translation].

"Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis subsp. asaccharedens" Gul-Guven et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain KG8 = DSM 18475 = CIP 109280.
Reference: GUL-GUVEN (R.), GUVEN (K.), POLI (A.) and NICOLAUS (B.): Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis subsp. asaccharedens subsp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring in Batman. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 54, 327-334. Effective publication Online

"Anoxybacillus thermarum" Poli et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AF/04 = DSM 17141 = ATCC BAA 1156.
Reference: POLI (A.), ROMANO (I.), CORDELLA (P.), ORLANDO (P.), NICOLAUS (B.) and CESCHI BERRINI (C.): Anoxybacillus thermarum sp. nov., a novel thermophilic bacterium isolated from thermal mud in Euganean hot springs, Abano Terme, Italy. Extremophiles, 2009, 13, 867-874. Effective publication Online

"Antarcticimonas" Yang et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Antarcticimonas flava" Yang et al.
Reference: YANG (S.J.), OH (H.M.), CHUNG (S.) and CHO (J.C.): Antarcticimonas flava gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic coastal seawater. J. Microbiol., 2009, 47, 517-523. Effective publication Online

"Antarcticimonas flava" Yang et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain IMCC3175 = KCCM 42713 = NBRC 103398.
Reference: YANG (S.J.), OH (H.M.), CHUNG (S.) and CHO (J.C.): Antarcticimonas flava gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic coastal seawater. J. Microbiol., 2009, 47, 517-523. Effective publication Online

"Aquaspirillum serpens subsp. bengal" (Kumar et al. 1974) Pot and Gillis, comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 27641.
Proposed basonym: Aquaspirillum bengal Kumar et al. 1974 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: POT (B.) and GILLIS (M.): Genus III. Aquaspirillum Hylemon, Wells, Krieg and Jannasch 1973b, 361^AL. In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 801-823.

"Aquaspirillum serpens subsp. serpens" (Müller 1786) Hylemon et al. 1973, subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 12368 = DSM 68.
Reference: POT (B.) and GILLIS (M.): Genus III. Aquaspirillum Hylemon, Wells, Krieg and Jannasch 1973b, 361^AL. In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 801-823.

"Aquifex aeolicus" Huber and Stetter, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain VF5.
Reference: HUBER (R.) and STETTER (K.O.): Genus I. Aquifex Huber and Stetter 1992e, 656^VP (Effective publication: Huber and Stetter in Huber, Wilharm, Huber, Trincone, Burggraf, König, Rachel, Rockinger, Fricke and Stetter 1992b, 349). In: D.R. BOONE, R.W. CASTENHOLZ and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer, New York, 2001, pp. 360-362.

"Archaeoglobus lithotrophicus" Stetter et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain TF2.
Reference: STETTER (K.O.), HUBER (R.), BLÖCHL (E.), KURR (M.), EDEN (R.D.), FIEDLER (M.), CASH (H.) and VANCE (I.): Hyperthermophilic archaea are thriving in deep North Sea and Alaskan oil reservoirs. Nature, 1993, 365, 743-745.

"Arsenicicoccus piscis" Hamada et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Kis4-19 = NBRC 105830 = DSM 22760.
Reference: HAMADA (M.), IINO (T.), IWAMI (T.), TAMURA (T.), HARAYAMA (S.) and SUZUKI (K.I.): Arsenicicoccus piscis sp. nov., a mesophilic actinobacterium isolated from the intestinal tract of a fish. Actinomycetologica, 2009, 23, 40-45. Effective publication Online

"Arsukibacterium" Schmidt et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Arsukibacterium ikkense" Schmidt et al.
Reference: SCHMIDT (M.), PRIEMÉ (A.) and STOUGAARD (P.): Arsukibacterium ikkense gen. nov., sp. nov, a novel alkaliphilic, enzyme-producing g-proteobacterium isolated from a cold and alkaline environment in Greenland. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2007, 30, 197-201. Effective publication Online

"Arsukibacterium ikkense" Schmidt et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain GCM72 = DSM 17999 = LMG 23455.
Reference: SCHMIDT (M.), PRIEMÉ (A.) and STOUGAARD (P.): Arsukibacterium ikkense gen. nov., sp. nov, a novel alkaliphilic, enzyme-producing g-proteobacterium isolated from a cold and alkaline environment in Greenland. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2007, 30, 197-201. Effective publication Online

"Arthrobacter crygenae" Vasil'eva et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Z-0036.
Reference: VASIL'EVA (L.V.), SAVEL'EVA (N.D.), OMEL'CHENKO (M.V.), LYSENKO (A.M.), PUSHEVA (M.A.), TROTSENKO (Y.A.) and ZAVARZIN (G.A.): Arthrobacter crygenae sp. nov. and Acidovorax psychrofacilis sp. nov., psychrophilic hydrogen bacteria from tundra soil. Microbiologiya, 1998, 67, 195-200 [English language translation].

"Arthrobacter dextranlyticum" Hatada et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain T6.
Reference: HATADA (Y.), HIDAKA (Y.), NOGI (Y.), UCHIMURA (K.), KATAYAMA (K.), LI (Z.), AKITA (M.), OHTA (Y.), GODA (S.), ITO (H.), MATSUI (H.), ITO (S.) and HORIKOSHI (K.): Hyper-production of an isomalto-dextranase of an Arthrobacter sp. by a proteases-deficient Bacillus subtilis: sequencing, properties, and crystallization of the recombinant enzyme. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2004, 65, 583-592. 

"Arthrobacter halodurans" Chen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain JSM 078085 = DSM 21081 = KCTC 19430.
Reference:CHEN (Y.G.), TANG (S.K.), ZHANG (Y.Q.), LI (Z.Y.), YI (L.B.), WANG (Y.X.), LI (W.J.) and CUI (X.L.): Arthrobacter halodurans sp. nov., a new halotolerant bacterium isolated from sea water. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2009, 96, 63-70. Effective publication Online

"Aurantimonas litoralis" Anderson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain HTCC 2156.
Reference: ANDERSON (C.R.), DICK (G.J.), CHU (M.L.), CHO (J.C.), DAVIS (R.E.), BRÄUER (S.L.) and TEBO (B.M.): Aurantimonas manganoxydans, sp. nov. and Aurantimonas litoralis, sp. nov.: Mn(II) oxidizing representatives of a globally distributed clade of alpha-Proteobacteria from the order Rhizobiales. Geomicrobiol. J., 2009, 26, 189-198. Effective publication Online

"Aurantimonas manganoxydans" Anderson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SI85-9A1.
Reference: ANDERSON (C.R.), DICK (G.J.), CHU (M.L.), CHO (J.C.), DAVIS (R.E.), BRÄUER (S.L.) and TEBO (B.M.): Aurantimonas manganoxydans, sp. nov. and Aurantimonas litoralis, sp. nov.: Mn(II) oxidizing representatives of a globally distributed clade of alpha-Proteobacteria from the order Rhizobiales. Geomicrobiol. J., 2009, 26, 189-198. Effective publication Online

"Averyella" Johnson et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Averyella dalhousiensis" Johnson et al.
Reference: JOHNSON (A.S.), TARR (C.L.), BROWN Jr. (B.H.), BIRKHEAD (K.M.) and FARMER III (J.J.): First case of septicemia due to a strain belonging to Enteric Group 58 (Enterobacteriaceae) and its designation as Averyella dalhousiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., based on analysis of strains from 20 additional cases. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005, 43, 5195-5201.

"Averyella dalhousiensis" Johnson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CDC 9501-97.
Reference: JOHNSON (A.S.), TARR (C.L.), BROWN Jr. (B.H.), BIRKHEAD (K.M.) and FARMER III (J.J.): First case of septicemia due to a strain belonging to Enteric Group 58 (Enterobacteriaceae) and its designation as Averyella dalhousiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., based on analysis of strains from 20 additional cases. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005, 43, 5195-5201.

"Azospirillum palatum" Zhou et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 10 = LMG 24444 = KCTC 13200 = CCTCC AB 207189.
Reference: ZHOU (Y.), WEI (W.), WANG (X.), XU (L.) and LAI (R.): Azospirillum palatum sp. nov., isolated from forest soil in Zhejiang province, China. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2009, 55, 1-7. Effective publication Online

"Bacilli" Ludwig et al., class. nov.
Proposed type order: Bacillales Prévot 1953 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Class I. Bacilli class nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, pp. 19-20.

"Bacillus beveridgei" Baesman et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain MLTeJB = DSM 22320 = ATCC = BAA-1786.
Reference: BAESMAN (S.M.), STOLZ (J.F.), KULP (T.R.) and OREMLAND (R.S.): Enrichment and isolation of Bacillus beveridgei sp. nov., a facultative anaerobic haloalkaliphile from Mono Lake, California, that respires oxyanions of tellurium, selenium, and arsenic. Extremophiles, 2009, 13, 695-705. Effective publication Online

"Bacillus coniferum" Petersen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: PETERSEN (D.J.), SHISHIDO (M.), HOLL (F.B.) and CHANWAY (C.P.): Use of species- and strain-specific PCR primers for identification of conifer root-associated Bacillus spp." FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 1995, 133, 71-76.

"Bacillus hackensackii" Hong et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 166-1589.
Reference: HONG (T.), HEIBLER (N.) and TANG (Y.W.): "Bacillus hackensackii" sp. nov., a novel carbon dioxide sensitive bacterium isolated from blood culture. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2003, 45, 143-147.

"Bacillus nematocida" Huang et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain B-16 = CGMCC 1128.
Reference: HUANG (X.W.), NIU (Q.H.), ZHOU (W.) and ZHANG (K.Q.): Bacillus nematocida sp. nov., a novel bacterial strain with nematotoxic activity isolated from soil in Yunnan, China. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2005, 28, 323-327.

"Bacillus tianmuensis" Wen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain B5 = DSM 22111 = CGMCC 1.8879.
Reference: WEN (Y.P.), WU (X.C.), QIAN (C.D.), ZHAO (Y.H.), FANG (H.H.) and LI (O.): Bacillus tianmuensis sp. nov., isolated from soil in Tianmu Mountain national natural reserve, Hangzhou, China. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2009, 296, 26-30. Effective publication Online

"Bartonella australis" Fournier et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AUST/NH1 = CSUR B1 = CIP 108978 = CCUG 51999.
Reference: FOURNIER (P.E.), TAYLOR (C.), ROLAIN (J.M.), BARRASSI (L.), SMITH (G.) and RAOULT (D.): Bartonella australis sp. nov. from Kangaroos, Australia. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 2007, 13, 1961-1962. Effective publication Online

"Bartonella phoceensis" Gundi et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 16120 = CIP 107707.
Reference: GUNDI (V.A.), DAVOUST (B.), KHAMIS (A.), BONI (M.), RAOULT (D.) and LA SCOLA (B.): Isolation of Bartonella rattimassiliensis sp. nov. and Bartonella phoceensis sp. nov. from European Rattus norvegicus. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2004, 42, 3816-3818.

"Bartonella rattimassiliensis" Gundi et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 15908 = CIP 107705.
Reference: GUNDI (V.A.), DAVOUST (B.), KHAMIS (A.), BONI (M.), RAOULT (D.) and LA SCOLA (B.): Isolation of Bartonella rattimassiliensis sp. nov. and Bartonella phoceensis sp. nov. from European Rattus norvegicus. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2004, 42, 3816-3818.

"Bartonella tamiae" Kosoy et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: KOSOY (M.), MORWAY (C.), SHEFF (K.W.), BAI (Y.), COLBORN (J.), CHALCRAFT (L.), DOWELL (S.F.), PERUSKI (L.F.), MALONEY (S.A.), BAGGETT (H.), SUTTHIRATTANA (S.), SIDHIRAT (A.), MARUYAMA (S.), KABEYA (H.), CHOMEL (B.B.), KASTEN (R.), POPOV (V.), ROBINSON (J.), KRUGLOV (A.) and PETERSEN (L.R.): Bartonella tamiae sp. nov., a newly recognized pathogen isolated from three human patients from Thailand. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2008, 46, 772-775. Effective publication Online

"Bartonella washoensis" Regnery et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain nvh1.
Reference: REGNERY (R.), MARSTON (E.), FINKEL (B.), JONES (D.), ELLIS (B.), COOPER (J.), DRENZEK (C.), CHILDS (J.) and OLSON (J.): A novel Bartonella species (Bartonella washoensis) isolated from a patient with a cardiac disease: evidence for a rodent reservoir. Unpublished.

"Bartonella weissi" Marano et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain FC7049UT.
Reference: MARANO (N.), JAMESON (P.), MARSTON (E.), JONES (D.), GREENE (C.) and REGNERY (R.): A third Bartonella species isolated from domestic cats, Bartonella weissi, sp. nov. Unpublished.
Note: Bartonella weissi (sic) or Bartonella weissii is now known as ¤ Bartonella bovis Bermond et al. 2002 non Donatien and Lestoquard 1934.

"Bifidobacterium crudilactis" Delcenserie et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain FR62/b/3 = LMG 23609 = CNCM I-3342.
Reference: DELCENSERIE (V.), GAVINI (F.), BEERENS (H.), TRESSE (O.), FRANSSEN (C.) and DAUBE (G.): Description of a new species, Bifidobacterium crudilactis sp. nov., isolated from raw milk and raw milk cheeses. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2007, 30, 381-389. Effective publication Online

"Bilophococcus" Moench, gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Bilophococcus magnetotacticus" Moench.
Reference: MOENCH (T.T.): Bilophococcus magnetotacticus gen. nov. sp. nov., a motile, magnetic coccus. Antonie Leeuwenhoek, 1988, 54, 483-496.

"Bilophococcus magnetotacticus" Moench, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: MOENCH (T.T.): Bilophococcus magnetotacticus gen. nov. sp. nov., a motile, magnetic coccus. Antonie Leeuwenhoek, 1988, 54, 483-496.

"Blattabacterium clevelandi" Clark and Kambhampati, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CLARK (J.W.) and KAMBHAMPATI (S.): Phylogenetic analysis of Blattabacterium, endosymbiotic bacteria from the wood roach, Cryptocercus (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae), including a description of three new species. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2003, 26, 82-88.

"Blattabacterium punctulatus" Clark and Kambhampati, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CLARK (J.W.) and KAMBHAMPATI (S.): Phylogenetic analysis of Blattabacterium, endosymbiotic bacteria from the wood roach, Cryptocercus (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae), including a description of three new species. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2003, 26, 82-88.

"Blattabacterium relictus" Clark and Kambhampati, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CLARK (J.W.) and KAMBHAMPATI (S.): Phylogenetic analysis of Blattabacterium, endosymbiotic bacteria from the wood roach, Cryptocercus (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae), including a description of three new species. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2003, 26, 82-88.

"Bordetella ansorpii" Ko et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SMC-8986, which has been deposited at ABB (Asian Bacterial Bank, Seoul, Korea).
Reference: KO (K.S.), PECK (K.R.), OH (W.S.), LEE (N.Y.), LEE (J.H.) and SONG (J.H.): New Species of Bordetella, Bordetella ansorpii sp. nov., isolated from the purulent exudate of an epidermal cyst. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005, 43, 2516-2519.

"Borrelia americana" Rudenko et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: RUDENKO (N.), GOLOVCHENKO (M.), LIN (T.), GAO (L.), GRUBHOFFER (L.) and OLIVER Jr.(J.H.): Delineation of a new species of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, Borrelia americana sp.nov. J Clin Microbiol, 2009, 47, 3875-3880. Effective publication Online

"Borrelia andersonii" Marconi et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 21038 (?).
Reference: MARCONI (R.T.), LIVERIS (D.) and SCHWARTZ (I.): Identification of novel insertion elements, restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns, and discontinuous 23S rRNA in Lyme disease spirochetes: phylogenetic analyses of rRNA genes and their intergenic spacers in Borrelia japonica sp. nov. and genomic group 21038 (Borrelia andersonii sp. nov.) isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1995, 33, 2427-2434.

"Borrelia barbouri" Armstrong et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: ARMSTRONG (P.M.), RICH (S.M.), SMITH (R.D.), HARTL (D.L.), SPIELMAN (A.) and TELFORD 3rd (S.R.): A new Borrelia infecting Lone Star ticks. Lancet, 1996, 347, 67-68.

"Borrelia bavariensis" Margos et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: MARGOS (G.), VOLLMER (S.A.), CORNET (M.), GARNIER (M.), FINGERLE (V.), WILSKE (B.), BORMANE (A.), VITORINO (L.), COLLARES-PEREIRA (M.), DRANCOURT (M.) and KURTENBACH (K.): MLSA on housekeeping genes defines a new Borrelia species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 5410-5416. Effective publication Online

"Borrelia bissettii" Postic et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain DN127.
Reference: POSTIC (D.), MARTI RAS (R.S.), LANE (R.S.), HENDSON (M.) and BARANTON (G.): Expanded diversity among Californian Borrelia isolates and description of Borrelia bissetii sp. nov. (formerly Borrelia group DN127). J. Clin. Microbiol., 1998, 36, 3497-3504.

"Borrelia californiensis" Postic et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CA446 = CIP 109133 = DSM 17989.
Reference: POSTIC (D.), GARNIER (M.) and BARANTON (G.): Multilocus sequence analysis of atypical Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates - Description of Borrelia californiensis sp. nov., and genomospecies 1 and 2. Int. J. Med. Microbiol., 2007, 297, 263-271. Effective publication Online

"Borrelia carolinensis" Rudenko et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: RUDENKO (N.), GOLOVCHENKO (M.), GRUBHOFFER (L.) and OLIVER Jr. (J.H.): Borrelia carolinensis sp.nov. - a new (14^th) member of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex from the southeastern United States. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2009, 47, 134-141. Effective publication Online

"Borrelia lonestari" Barbour et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: BARBOUR (A.G.), MAUPIN (G.O.), TELTOW (G.J.), CARTER (C.J.) and PIESMAN (J.): Identification of an uncultivable Borrelia species in the hard tick Amblyomma americanum: possible agent of a Lyme disease-like illness. J. Infect. Dis., 1996, 173, 403-409.

"Borrelia spielmani" Richter et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain PC-Eq17.
Reference: RICHTER (D.), SCHLEE (D.B.), ALLGOWER (R.) and MATUSCHKA (F.R.): Relationships of a novel lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia spielmani sp. nov., with its hosts in Central Europe. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2004, 70, 6414-6419.
Note: "Borrelia spielmani" Richter et al. is now known as ¤ Borrelia spielmanii Richter et al. 2006.

"Brachyspira corvi" Jansson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: no type strain has been designated.
Reference: JANSSON (D.S.), FELLSTRÖM (C.) and JOHANSSON (K.E.): Intestinal spirochetes isolated from wild-living jackdaws, hooded crows and rooks (genus Corvus): Provisionally designated "Brachyspira corvi" sp. nov. Anaerobe, 2008, 14, 287-295. Effective publication Online

"Brachyspira suanatina" Råsback et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: RÅSBACK (T.), JANSSON (D.S.), JOHANSSON (K.E.) and FELLSTRÖM (C.): A novel enteropathogenic, strongly haemolytic spirochaete isolated from pig and mallard, provisionally designated 'Brachyspira suanatina' sp. nov. Environ. Microbiol., 2007, 9, 983-991. Effective publication Online

"Bradyrhizobium denitrificans" (Hirsch and Müller 1986) Van Berkum et al., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain LMG 8443.
Proposed basonym: Blastobacter denitrificans Hirsch and Müller 1986.
Reference: VAN BERKUM (P.), LEIBOLD (J.M.) and EARDLY (B.D.): Proposal for combining Bradyrhizobium spp. (Aeschynomene indica) with Blastobacter denitrificans and to transfer Blastobacter denitrificans (Hirsh and Muller, 1985) to the genus Bradyrhizobium as Bradyrhizobium denitrificans (comb. nov.). Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2006, 29, 207-215. Effective publication Online

"Bradyrhizobium iriomotense" Islam et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain EK05 = NBRC 102520 = LMG 24129.
Reference: ISLAM (M.S.), KAWASAKI (H.), MURAMATSU (Y.), NAKAGAWA (Y.) and SEKI (T.): Bradyrhizobium iriomotense sp. nov., isolated from a tumor-like root of the legume Entada koshunensis from Iriomote Island in Japan. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 2008, 72, 1416-1429. Effective publication Online

"Brucella cetaceae" Cloeckaert et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CLOECKAERT (A.), VERGER (J.M.), GRAYON (M.), PAQUET (J.Y.), GARIN-BASTUJI (B.), FOSTER (G.) and GODFROID (J.): Classification of Brucella spp. isolated from marine mammals by DNA polymorphism at the omp2 locus. Microbes Infect., 2001, 3, 729-738.
Note: Brucella cetaceae Cloeckaert et al. is now known as ¤ Brucella ceti Foster et al. 2007.

"Brucella maris" Jahans et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 2/94 = NCTC 12890.
Reference: JAHANS (K.L.), FOSTER (G.) and BROUGHTON (E.S.): The characterisation of Brucella strains isolated from marine mammals. Vet. Microbiol. 1997, 57, 373-382.
Note: The proposed type strain 2/94 = NCTC 12890 is a strain of  ¤ Brucella pinnipedialis Foster et al. 2007.

"Brucella pinnipediae" Cloeckaert et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CLOECKAERT (A.), VERGER (J.M.), GRAYON (M.), PAQUET (J.Y.), GARIN-BASTUJI (B.), FOSTER (G.) and GODFROID (J.): Classification of Brucella spp. isolated from marine mammals by DNA polymorphism at the omp2 locus. Microbes Infect., 2001, 3, 729-738.
Note: Brucella pinnipediae Cloeckaert et al. is now known as ¤ Brucella pinnipedialis Foster et al. 2007.

"Burkholderia kururiensis subsp. kururiensis" Zhang et al. 2000, subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain KP23 = JCM 10599 = DSM 13646.
Reference: ANANDHAM (R.), INDIRA GANDHI (P.), KWON (S.W.), SA (T.M.), KIM (Y.K.) and JEE (H.J.): Mixotrophic metabolism in Burkholderia kururiensis subsp. thiooxydans subsp. nov., a facultative chemolithoautotrophic thiosulfate oxidizing bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil and proposal for classification of the type strain of Burkholderia kururiensis as Burkholderia kururiensis subsp. kururiensis subsp. nov. Arch. Microbiol., 2009, 191, 885-894. Effective publication Online

"Burkholderia kururiensis subsp. thiooxydans" Anandham et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATSB13 = KACC 12758.
Reference: ANANDHAM (R.), INDIRA GANDHI (P.), KWON (S.W.), SA (T.M.), KIM (Y.K.) and JEE (H.J.): Mixotrophic metabolism in Burkholderia kururiensis subsp. thiooxydans subsp. nov., a facultative chemolithoautotrophic thiosulfate oxidizing bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil and proposal for classification of the type strain of Burkholderia kururiensis as Burkholderia kururiensis subsp. kururiensis subsp. nov. Arch. Microbiol., 2009, 191, 885-894. Effective publication Online

"Byssophaga" Reichenbach, gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Byssophaga cruenta (ex Thaxter 1897) Reichenbach.
Reference: REICHENBACH (H.): Genus II. Byssophaga gen. nov. In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 1118-1121.
Notes:
1 Byssophaga Reichenbach is illegitimate because of precedence of the zoological genus Byssophaga Stretch 1872, Arctiidae, Lepidoptera.
2 Byssophaga Reichenbach is now known as ¤ Byssovorax Reichenbach 2006.

"Byssophaga cruenta" (ex Thaxter 1897) Reichenbach, nom. rev., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain DSM 14553 = By c2 = JCM 12614.
Synonym: "Myxococcus cruentus" Thaxter 1897.
Reference: REICHENBACH (H.): Genus II. Byssophaga gen. nov. In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 1118-1121.
Notes:
1 Byssophaga cruenta (ex Thaxter 1897) Reichenbach is illegitimate because of precedence of the zoological genus Byssophaga Stretch 1872, Arctiidae, Lepidoptera.
2 Byssophaga cruenta (ex Thaxter 1897) Reichenbach is now known as ¤ Byssovorax cruenta (ex Thaxter 1897) Reichenbach 2006.

"Caedibacter macronucleorum" Fokin and Görtz, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: FOKIN (S.) and GÖRTZ (H.D.): Caedibacter macronucleorum sp. nov., a bacterium inhabiting the macronucleus of Paramecium duboscqui. Arch. Protistenkd., 1993, 143, 319-324.

"Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis" Hamilton-Brehm et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain OB47.
Reference: HAMILTON-BREHM (S.D.), MOSHER (J.J.), VISHNIVETSKAYA (T.), PODAR (M.), CARROLL (S.), ALLMAN (S.), PHELPS (T.J.), KELLER (M.) and ELKINS (J.G..): Caldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis sp. nov., an anaerobic, extremely thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium isolated from Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., published online: December 18, 2009 (doi: 10.1128/AEM.01903-09). Effective publication Online

"Caldisphaera draconis" Boyd et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 18U65.
Reference: BOYD (E.S.), JACKSON (R.A.), ENCARNACION (G.), ZAHN (J.A.), BEARD (T.), LEAVITT (W.D.), PI (Y.), ZHANG (C.L.), PEARSON (A.), D'IMPERIO (S.), McDERMOTT (T.R.) and GEESEY (G.G.): Isolation, characterization, and ecology of sulfur-respiring Crenarchaea inhabiting acid-sulfate-chloride geothermal springs in Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2007, 73, 6669-6677. Effective publication Online

"Canaleparolina" Wier et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Canaleparolina darwiniensis" Wier et al.
Reference: WIER (A.), ASHEN (J.) and MARGULIS (L.): Canaleparolina darwiniensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., and other pillotinaceous spirochetes from insects. Int. Microbiol., 2000, 3, 213-223.

"Canaleparolina darwiniensis" Wier et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: not cultivated.
Reference: WIER (A.), ASHEN (J.) and MARGULIS (L.): Canaleparolina darwiniensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., and other pillotinaceous spirochetes from insects. Int. Microbiol., 2000, 3, 213-223.

"Carnobacteriaceae" Ludwig et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Carnobacterium Collins et al. 1987.
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Family III. Carnobacteriaceae fam. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 549.

"Catabacter" Lau et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Catabacter hongkongensis" Lau et al.
Reference: LAU (S.K.), McNABB (A.), WOO (G.K.), HOANG (L.), FUNG (A.M.), CHUNG (L.M.), WOO (P.C.) and YUEN (K.Y.): Catabacter hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov. isolated from blood cultures of patients from Hong Kong and Canada. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2007, 45, 395-401. Effective publication Online

"Catabacter hongkongensis" Lau et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain HKU16.
Reference: LAU (S.K.), McNABB (A.), WOO (G.K.), HOANG (L.), FUNG (A.M.), CHUNG (L.M.), WOO (P.C.) and YUEN (K.Y.): Catabacter hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov. isolated from blood cultures of patients from Hong Kong and Canada. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2007, 45, 395-401. Effective publication Online

"Catabacteraceae" Lau et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: "Catabacter" Lau et al.
Reference: LAU (S.K.), McNABB (A.), WOO (G.K.), HOANG (L.), FUNG (A.M.), CHUNG (L.M.), WOO (P.C.) and YUEN (K.Y.): Catabacter hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov. isolated from blood cultures of patients from Hong Kong and Canada. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2007, 45, 395-401. Effective publication Online

"Caulobacter ginsengisoli" Liu et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Gsoil 317 = KCTC 12788 = DSM 18695.
Reference: LIU (Q.M.), TEN (L.N.), IM (W.T.), LEE (S.T.) and YOON (M.H.) : Caulobacter ginsengisoli sp. nov., a novel stalked bacterium isolated from ginseng cultivating soil. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2010, 20, 15-20. Effective publication Online

"Cenarchaeaceae" DeLong and Preston, fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: "Cenarchaeum" DeLong and Preston.
Reference: PRESTON (C.M.), WU (K.Y.), MOLINSKI (T.F.) and DELONG (E.F.): A psychrophilic crenarchaeon inhabits a marine sponge: Cenarchaeum symbiosum gen. nov., sp. nov. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 6241-6246.

"Cenarchaeales" DeLong and Preston, ord. nov.
Proposed type genus: "Cenarchaeum" DeLong and Preston.
Reference: PRESTON (C.M.), WU (K.Y.), MOLINSKI (T.F.) and DELONG (E.F.): A psychrophilic crenarchaeon inhabits a marine sponge: Cenarchaeum symbiosum gen. nov., sp. nov. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 6241-6246.

"Cenarchaeum" DeLong and Preston, gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Cenarchaeum symbiosum" DeLong and Preston.
Reference: PRESTON (C.M.), WU (K.Y.), MOLINSKI (T.F.) and DELONG (E.F.): A psychrophilic crenarchaeon inhabits a marine sponge: Cenarchaeum symbiosum gen. nov., sp. nov. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 6241-6246.

"Cenarchaeum symbiosum" DeLong and Preston, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: PRESTON (C.M.), WU (K.Y.), MOLINSKI (T.F.) and DELONG (E.F.): A psychrophilic crenarchaeon inhabits a marine sponge: Cenarchaeum symbiosum gen. nov., sp. nov. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 6241-6246.

"Chitinophaga soli" An et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Gsoil 219 = KCTC 12650 = DSM 18093.
Reference: AN (D.S.), IM (W.T.), LEE (S.T.), CHOI (W.Y.) and YOON (M.H.): Chitinophaga soli sp. nov. and Chitinophaga terrae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field in Pocheon Province, Korea. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 17, 705-711.

"Chitinophaga terrae" An et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Gsoil 238 = KCTC 12651 =DSM 18078.
Reference: AN (D.S.), IM (W.T.), LEE (S.T.), CHOI (W.Y.) and YOON (M.H.): Chitinophaga soli sp. nov. and Chitinophaga terrae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field in Pocheon Province, Korea. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 17, 705-711.

"Chlamydia isopodii" Shay et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: no culture isolated.
Reference: SHAY (M.T.), BETTICA (A.), VERNON (G.M.) and WITKUS (E.R.): Chlamydia isopodii sp. n., an obligate intracellular parasite of Porcellio scaber. Exp. Cell. Biol., 1985, 53, 115-120.
Note: Morphology of "Chlamydia isopodii" Shay et al. 1985 corresponds to the description of ¤ "Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis" Kostanjsek et al. 2004.

"Chlamydophila parapsittaci" Vafina et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: VAFINA (R.R.), RAVILOVA (R.K.), GAFFAROVB (K.Z.), RAVILOVB (A.Z.), ISKHAKOVA (G.M.), BAKIROVA (I.K.), AND KASHOVA (V.N.): A contribution to the nomenclature and classification of chlamydiae. Mol. Gen. Mikrobiol. Virusol., 2007, 22, 155-164. Effective publication Online

"Chlorobaculum macestae" Keppen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain M.
Reference: KEPPEN (O.I.), BERG (I.A.), LEBEDEVA (N.V.), TAISOVA (A.S.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), SLOBODOVA (N.V.), BULYGINA (E.S.), TOUROVA (T.P.) and IVANOVSKY (R.N.): Chlorobaculum macestae sp. nov., a new green sulfur bacterium. Microbiology, 2008, 77, 69-77. Effective publication Online

"Chlorobia" ?, class. nov.
Proposed type order: "Chlorobiales" ?
Reference: ?: Class I. "Chlorobia". In: D.R. BOONE, R.W. CASTENHOLZ and G. M. GARRITY (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer, New York, 2001, p. 601.

"Chlorobium chlorochromatii" Vogl et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CaD.
Reference: VOGL (K.), GLAESER (J.), PFANNES (K.R.), WANNER (G.) and OVERMANN (J.): Chlorobium chlorochromatii sp. nov., a symbiotic green sulfur bacterium isolated from the phototrophic consortium "Chlorochromatium aggregatum". Arch. Microbiol., 2006, 185, 363-372. Effective publication Online

"Chlorobium ferrooxidans" Heising et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain KoFox = DSM 13031.
Reference: HEISING (S.), RICHTER (L.), LUDWIG (W.) and SCHINK (B.): Chlorobium ferrooxidans sp. nov., a phototrophic green sulfur bacterium that oxidizes ferrous iron in coculture with a Geospirillum sp. strain. Arch. Microbiol., 1999, 172, 116-124.

"Chloroflexaceae" Pierson, fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Chloroflexus Pierson and Castenholz 1974 (Approved Lists 1980)?.
Reference: PIERSON (B.K.): Family I. Chloroflexaceae. In: D.R. BOONE, R.W. CASTENHOLZ and G. M. GARRITY (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer, New York, 2001, pp. 427-429.

"Chloroflexales" ?, ord. nov.
Proposed type genus: Chloroflexus Pierson and Castenholz 1974 (Approved Lists 1980)?
Reference: ?: Order I. Chloroflexales. In: D.R. BOONE, R.W. CASTENHOLZ and G. M. GARRITY (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer, New York, 2001, p. 427.

"Chloroflexi" Castenholz, class. nov.
Proposed type order: "Chloroflexales"?
Reference: CASTENHOLZ: Class I. Chloroflexi class. nov. In: D.R. BOONE, R.W. CASTENHOLZ and G. M. GARRITY (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer, New York, 2001, p. 427.

"Chryseobacterium greenlandense" Loveland-Curtze et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain UMB34 = CIP 110007 = NRRL B-59357.
Reference: LOVELAND-CURTZE (J.), MITEVA (V.) and BRENCHLEY (J.): Novel ultramicrobacterial isolates from a deep Greenland ice core represent a proposed new species, Chryseobacterium greenlandense sp. nov. Extremophiles, 2010, 14, 61-69. Effective publication Online

"Chryseobacterium massiliae" Drancourt et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: DRANCOURT (M.), BERGER (P.) and RAOULT (D.): Systematic 16S rRNA gene sequencing of atypical clinical isolates identified 27 new bacterial species associated with humans. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2004, 42, 2197-2202.

"Chryseobacterium proteolyticum " Yamaguchi and Yokoe, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 9670 = FERM P-17664.
Reference: YAMAGUCHI (S.) and YOKOE (M.): A novel protein-deamidating enzyme from Chryseobacterium proteolyticum sp. nov., a newly isolated bacterium from soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2000, 66, 3337-3343.

"Chthoniobacter" Sangwan et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Chthoniobacter flavus" Sangwan et al.
Reference: SANGWAN (P.), CHEN (X.), HUGENHOLTZ (P.) and JANSSEN (P.H.): Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the first pure-culture representative of subdivision two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the phylum Verrucomicrobia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2004, 70, 5875-5881.

"Chthoniobacter flavus" Sangwan et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Ellin428.
Reference: SANGWAN (P.), CHEN (X.), HUGENHOLTZ (P.) and JANSSEN (P.H.): Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the first pure-culture representative of subdivision two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the phylum Verrucomicrobia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2004, 70, 5875-5881.

"Citromicrobium" Yurkov et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Citromicrobium bathyomarinum" Yurkov et al.
Reference: YURKOV (V.V.), KRIEGER (S.), STACKEBRANDT (E.) and BEATTY (J.T.): Citromicrobium bathyomarinum, a novel aerobic bacterium isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal vent plume waters that contains photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. J. Bact., 1999, 181, 4517-4525.

"Citromicrobium bathyomarinum" Yurkov et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain JF-1.
Reference: YURKOV (V.V.), KRIEGER (S.), STACKEBRANDT (E.) and BEATTY (J.T.): Citromicrobium bathyomarinum, a novel aerobic bacterium isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal vent plume waters that contains photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. J. Bact., 1999, 181, 4517-4525.

"Clathrochloris" Witt et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Clathrochloris sulfurica" Witt et al.
Reference: WITT (D.), BERGSTEIN-BEN (D.T.) and STACKEBRANDT (E.): Nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA and phylogenetic position of the green sulfur bacterium Clathrochloris sulfurica. Arch. Microbiol., 1989, 152, 206-208.

"Clathrochloris sulfurica" Witt et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: WITT (D.), BERGSTEIN-BEN (D.T.) and STACKEBRANDT (E.): Nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA and phylogenetic position of the green sulfur bacterium Clathrochloris sulfurica. Arch. Microbiol., 1989, 152, 206-208.

"Clostridia" Rainey, class. nov.
Proposed type order: Clostridiales Prévot 1953 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: RAINEY (F.A.): Class II. Clostridia class nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 736.

"Clostridium algoriphilum" Shcherbakova et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 14D1 = VKM B-2271 = DSM 16153.
Reference: SHCHERBAKOVA (V.A.), CHUVILSKAYA (N.A.), RIVKINA (E.M.), PECHERITSYNA (S.A.), LAURINAVICHIUS (K.S.), SUZINA (N.E.), OSIPOV (G.A.), LYSENKO (A.M.), GILICHINSKY (D.A.) and AKIMENKO (V.K.): Novel psychrophilic anaerobic spore-forming bacterium from the overcooled water brine in permafrost: description Clostridium algoriphilum sp. nov. Extremophiles, 2005, 9, 239-246. 

"Clostridium hobsonii" Sharma and Hagen, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain U311.
Reference: SHARMA (V.K.) and HAGEN (J.C.): Isolation and characterization of Clostridium hobsonii comb. nov. Bioresource Technology,1995, 51, 61-74.

"Clostridium tunisiense" Ben Dhia Thabet et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain E1 = DSM 15206 = CIP 107666.
Reference: BEN DHIA THABET (O), FARDEAU (M.L.), JOULIAN (C.), THOMAS (P.), HAMDI (M.), GARCIA (J.L.) and OLLIVIER (B.): Clostridium tunisiense sp. nov., a new proteolytic, sulfur-reducing bacterium isolated from an olive mill wastewater contaminated by phosphogypse. Anaerobe, 2004, 10, 185-190.

"Cohnella panacarvi" Yoon et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Gsoil 349 = KCTC 13060 = DSM 18696.
Reference: YOON (M.H.), TEN (L.N.) and IM (W.T.): Cohnella panacarvi sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from ginseng cultivating soil. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 17, 913-918.

"Comamonas granuli" Kim et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Ko03 = KCTC 12199 = NBRC 101663.
Reference: KIM (K.H.), TEN (L.N.), LIU (Q.M.), IM (W.T.) and LEE (S.T.): Comamonas granuli sp. nov., isolated from granules used in a wastewater treatment plant. J. Microbiol., 2008, 46, 390-395.

"Commensalibacter" Roh et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Commensalibacter intestini" Roh et al.
Reference: ROH (S.W.), NAM (Y.D.), CHANG (H.W.), KIM (K.H.), KIM (M.S.), RYU (J.H.), KIM (S.H.), LEE (W.J.) and BAE (J.W.): Phylogenetic characterization of two novel commensal bacteria related to innate immune homeostasis in Drosophila. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2008, 74, 6171-6177. Effective publication Online

"Commensalibacter intestini" Roh et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain A911 = KCTC 22117 = JCM 15511.
Reference: ROH (S.W.), NAM (Y.D.), CHANG (H.W.), KIM (K.H.), KIM (M.S.), RYU (J.H.), KIM (S.H.), LEE (W.J.) and BAE (J.W.): Phylogenetic characterization of two novel commensal bacteria related to innate immune homeostasis in Drosophila. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2008, 74, 6171-6177. Effective publication Online

"Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum" Brown et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Medalle X.
Reference: BROWN (S.), LANÉELLE (M.A.), ASSELINEAU (J.) and BARKSDALE (L.): Description of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov., a leprosy-derived Corynebacterium. Ann. Microbiol. (Inst. Pasteur), 1984, 135 B, 251-267.
Note: "Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum" Brown et al. 1984 is now known as ¤ Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum Feurer et al. 2004.
Reference: FEURER (C.), CLERMONT (D.), BIMET (F.), CANDRÉA (A.), JACKSON (M.), GLASER (P.), BIZET (C.) and DAUGA (C.): Taxonomic characterization of nine strains isolated from clinical and environmental specimens, and proposal of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 54, 1055-1061.

"Coxiella cheraxi" Tan and Owens, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain TO-98 (?).
Reference: TAN (C.K.) and OWENS (L.): Infectivity, transmission and 16S rRNA sequencing of a rickettsia, Coxiella cheraxi sp. nov., from the freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. Dis. Aquat. Org., 2000, 41, 115-122.

"Criblamydia" Thomas et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Criblamydia sequanensis" Thomas et al.
Reference: THOMAS (V.), CASSON (N.) and GREUB (G.): Criblamydia sequanensis, a new intracellular Chlamydiales isolated from Seine river water using amoebal co-culture. Environ. Microbiol., 2006, 8, 2125-235. Effective publication Online

"Criblamydia sequanensis" Thomas et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: THOMAS (V.), CASSON (N.) and GREUB (G.): Criblamydia sequanensis, a new intracellular Chlamydiales isolated from Seine river water using amoebal co-culture. Environ. Microbiol., 2006, 8, 2125-235. Effective publication Online

"Cronobacter" Iversen et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Cronobacter sakazakii" (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64. Effective publication Online
Note: "Cronobacter" Iversen et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter Iversen et al. 2008.

"Cronobacter dublinensis" Iversen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CFS237 = LMG 23823 = DSM 18705.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64. Effective publication Online
Note: "Cronobacter dublinensis" Iversen et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter dublinensis Iversen et al. 2008.

"Cronobacter muytjensii" Iversen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 51329 = CIP 103581.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64. Effective publication Online
Note: "Cronobacter muytjensii" Iversen et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter muytjensii Iversen et al. 2008.

"Cronobacter sakazakii" (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 29544 = NCTC 11467.
Basonym: Enterobacter sakazakii Farmer et al. 1980.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64. Effective publication Online
Note: "Cronobacter sakazakii" (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter sakazakii (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al. 2008.

"Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus" Iversen et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CDC 1058-77 = LMG 23826 = DSM18702.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64. Effective publication Online
Note: "Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus" Iversen et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter malonaticus Iversen et al. 2008.

"Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii " (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 29544 = NCTC 11467.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64. Effective publication Online
Note: "Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii " (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen  et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter sakazakii (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al. 2008.

"Cronobacter turicensis" Iversen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 3032 = LMG 23827 = DSM 18703.
Reference: IVERSEN (C.), LEHNER (A.), MULLANE (N.), BIDLAS (E.), CLEENWERCK (I.), MARUGG (J.), FANNING (S.), STEPHAN (R.) and JOOSTEN (H.): The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:64.
Note: "Cronobacter turicensis" Iversen  et al. 2007 is now known as ¤ Cronobacter turicensis Iversen et al. 2008.

"Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum" (Carty and Litchfield 1978) Kim et al., comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 31317.
Basonym: Flavobacterium oceanosedimentum Carty and Litchfield 1978 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: KIM (B.K.), KIM (O.S.), MOON (E.Y.) and CHUN (J.): Proposal to transfer Flavobacterium oceanosedimentum Carty and Litchfield 1978 to the genus Curtobacterium as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum comb. nov. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2009, 296, 137-141. Effective publication Online

"Cycloclasticus spirillensus" Chung and King, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: M4-6.
Reference: CHUNG (W.K.) and KING (G.M.): Isolation, characterization, and polyaromatic hydrocarbon degradation potential of aerobic bacteria from marine macrofaunal burrow sediments and description of Lutibacterium anuloederans gen. nov., sp. nov., and Cycloclasticus spirillensus sp. nov. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2001, 67, 5585-5592.

"Cystobacter disciformis" (Thaxter 1904) Reichenbach, comb. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC 33172.
Proposed basonym: Myxococcus disciformis Thaxter 1904 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: REICHENBACH (H.): Genus I. Cystobacter Schroeter 1886, 170^AL. In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 1086-1096.

"Cystobacter gracilis" Reichenbach, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Cb g1 = DSM 14753 = JCM 12625.
Reference: REICHENBACH (H.): Genus I. Cystobacter Schroeter 1886, 170^AL. In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 1086-1096.

"Dactylosporangium aurantiacum subsp. hamdenesis" Theriault et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain AB718C-41.
Reference: THERIAULT (R.J.), KARWOWSKI (J.P.), JACKSON (M.), GIROLAMI (R.L.), SUNGA (G.N.), VOJTKO (C.M.) and COEN (L.J.): Tiacumicins, a novel complex of 18-membered macrolide antibiotics. I. Taxonomy, fermentation and antibacterial activity. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1987, 40, 567-574.

"Dechlorobacter" Thrash et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Dechlorobacter hydrogenophilus" Thrash et al.
Reference: THRASH (J.C.), POLLOCK (J.), TOROK (T.) and COATES (J.D.): Description of the novel perchlorate-reducing bacteria Dechlorobacter hydrogenophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Propionivibrio militaris, sp. nov. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., published online: November 17, 2009 (doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-2336-6). Effective publication Online

"Dechlorobacter hydrogenophilus" Thrash et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain LT-1 = ATCC BAA-1869.
Reference: THRASH (J.C.), POLLOCK (J.), TOROK (T.) and COATES (J.D.): Description of the novel perchlorate-reducing bacteria Dechlorobacter hydrogenophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Propionivibrio militaris, sp. nov. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., published online: November 17, 2009 (doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-2336-6). Effective publication Online

"Dehalobacterium" Mägli et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum" Mägli et al.
Reference: MÄGLI (A.), WENDT (M.) and LEISINGER (T.): Isolation and characterization of Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum gen. nov. sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterium utilizing dichloromethane as source of carbon and energy. Arch. Microbiol., 1996, 166, 101-108.

"Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum" Mägli et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: MÄGLI (A.), WENDT (M.) and LEISINGER (T.): Isolation and characterization of Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum gen. nov. sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterium utilizing dichloromethane as source of carbon and energy. Arch. Microbiol., 1996, 166, 101-108.

"Deinococcus guangriensis" Sun et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain WGR700 = CGMCC 1.7045 = CICC 10360 = JCM 15082.
Reference: SUN (J.), SHEN (P.), CHAO (H.) and WU (B.): Isolation and identification of a new radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus guangriensis sp.nov. and analysis of its radioresistant character. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao., 2009, 49, 918-924.

"Denitrobacter" Frette et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Denitrobacter permanens" Frette et al.
Reference: FRETTE (L.), GEJLSBJERG (B.) and WESTERMANN (P.): Denitrobacter permanens gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic denitrifying bacterium isolated from an alternating activated sludge system. Unpublished.

"Denitrobacter permanens" Frette et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: FRETTE (L.), GEJLSBJERG (B.) and WESTERMANN (P.): Denitrobacter permanens gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic denitrifying bacterium isolated from an alternating activated sludge system. Unpublished.

"Desulfacinum subterraneum" Rozanova et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 101.
Reference: ROZANOVA (E.P.), TOUROVAL (T.P.), KOLGANOVA (T.V.), LYSENKO (A.M.), MITYUSHINA (L.L.), YUSUPOV (S.K.) and BELYAEV (S.S.): Desulfacinum subterraneum sp. nov., a new thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a high-temperature oil field (In Russian). Mikrobiologiya, 2001, 70, 466-471.

"Desulfobacter psychrotolerans" Tarpgaard et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain akvb.
Reference: TARPGAARD (I.H.), BOETIUS (A.) and FINSTER (K.): Desulfobacter psychrotolerans sp. nov., a new psychrotolerant sulfate-reducing bacterium and descriptions of its physiological response to temperature changes. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2006, 89, 109-124. Effective publication Online

"Desulfobotulus alkaliphilus" Sorokin et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ASO4-4 = DSM 22078 = UNIQEM U759.
Reference: SOROKIN (D.Y.), DETKOVA (E.N.) and MUYZER (G.): Propionate and butyrate dependent bacterial sulfate reduction at extremely haloalkaline conditions and description of Desulfobotulus alkaliphilus sp. nov. Extremophiles, 2010, 14, 71-77. Effective publication Online

"Desulfobulbus marinus" Kuever et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 3pr10 = DSM 2058.
Reference: KUEVER (J.), RAINEY (F.A.) and WIDDEL (F.): Genus I. Desulfobulbus Widdel 1981, 382^VP (Effective publication: Widdel 1980, 374). In: D.J. BRENNER, N.R. KRIEG, J.T. STALEY and G. M. GARRITY (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 2 (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Springer, New York, 2005, pp. 988-992.

"Desulfomicrobium aestuarii" Dias et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ADR26 = DSM19191 = JCM14714.
Reference: DIAS (M.), SALVADO (J.C.), MONPERRUS (M.), CAUMETTE (P.), AMOUROUX (D.), DURAN (R.) and GUYONEAUD (R.): Characterization of Desulfomicrobium salsuginis sp. nov. and Desulfomicrobium aestuarii sp. nov., two new sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from the Adour estuary (French Atlantic coast) with specific mercury methylation potentials. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 31, 30-37. Effective publication Online

"Desulfomicrobium hypogeium" Krumholz et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain CN-A = SMCC/W 750.
Reference: KRUMHOLZ (L.R.), HARRIS (S.H.), TAY (S.T.) and SUFLITA (J.M.): Characterization of two subsurface H2-utilizing bacteria, Desulfomicrobium hypogeium sp. nov. and Acetobacterium psammolithicum sp. nov., and their ecological roles. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1999, 65, 2300-2306.

"Desulfomicrobium salsuginis" Dias et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ADR21 = DSM19190 = JCM14713.
Reference: DIAS (M.), SALVADO (J.C.), MONPERRUS (M.), CAUMETTE (P.), AMOUROUX (D.), DURAN (R.) and GUYONEAUD (R.): Characterization of Desulfomicrobium salsuginis sp. nov. and Desulfomicrobium aestuarii sp. nov., two new sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from the Adour estuary (French Atlantic coast) with specific mercury methylation potentials. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 31, 30-37. Effective publication Online

"Desulfosporomusa" Sass et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Desulfosporomusa polytropa" Sass et al.
Reference: SASS (H.), OVERMANN (J.), RÜTTERS (H.), BABENZIEN (H.D.) and CYPIONKA (H.): Desulfosporomusa polytropa gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium from sediments of an oligotrophic lake. Arch. Microbiol., 2004, 182, 204-211.

"Desulfosporomusa polytropa" Sass et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain STP3 = DSM 12907.
Reference: SASS (H.), OVERMANN (J.), RÜTTERS (H.), BABENZIEN (H.D.) and CYPIONKA (H.): Desulfosporomusa polytropa gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium from sediments of an oligotrophic lake. Arch. Microbiol., 2004, 182, 204-211.

"Desulfotomaculum salinum" Nazina et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 435 = VKM B 1492.
Reference: NAZINA (T.N.), ROZANOVA (E.P.), BELYAKOVA (E.V.), LYSENKO (A.M.), POLTARAUS (A.B.), TOUROVA (T.P.), OSIPOV (G.A.) and BELYAEV (S.S.): Description of "Desulfotomaculum nigrificans subsp. salinus" as a new species, Desulfotomaculum salinum sp. nov. Microbiology (Mikrobiologiya), 2005, 74, 567-574. 

"Desulfovibrio brasiliensis" Warthmann et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain LVform1 = DSM 15816 = JCM 12178.
Reference: WARTHMANN (R.), VASCONCELOS (C.), SASS (H.) and McKENZIE (J.A.): Desulfovibrio brasiliensis sp. nov., a moderate halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium from Lagoa Vermelha (Brazil) mediating dolomite formation. Extremophiles, 2005, 9, 255-261.

"Desulfovibrio capillatus" Miranda-Tello et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain MET2 = DSM14982 = CIP107483.
Reference: MIRANDA-TELLO (E.), FARDEAU (M.L.), FERNÁNDEZ (L.), RAMÍREZ (F.), CAYOL (J.L.), THOMAS (P.), GARCIA (J.L.) and OLLIVIER (B.): Desulfovibrio capillatus sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from an oil field separator located in the Gulf of Mexico. Anaerobe, 2003, 9, 97-103.

"Desulfovibrio cavernae" Sass and Cypionka, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: SASS (H.) and CYPIONKA (H.): Isolation of sulfate-reducing bacteria from the terrestrial deep subsurface and description of Desulfovibrio cavernae sp. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2004, 27, 541-548.

"Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis" McDougall et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain FH26001/95 = ATCC 70045.
Reference: McDOUGALL (R.), ROBSON (J.), PATERSON (D.) and TEE (W.): Bacteremia caused by a recently described novel Desulfovibrio species. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1997, 35, 1805-1808.

"Desulfovibrio multispirans" Czechowski et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: CZECHOWSKI (M.H.), HE (S.H.), NACRO (M.), DERVARTANIAN (D.V.), PECK Jr. (H.D.) and LEGALL (J.): A cytoplasmic nickel-iron hydrogenase with high specific activity from Desulfovibrio multispirans sp. N., a new species of sulfate reducing bacterium. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1984, 28, 1025-1032.

"Desulfovibrio oceani" Finster and Kjeldsen, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain I.8.1 = DSM 21390 = JCM 15970.
Reference: FINSTER (K.W.) and KJELDSEN (K.U.): Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. oceani sp. nov., subsp. nov. and Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. galateae subsp. nov., novel sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from the oxygen minimum zone off the coast of Peru. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek,  2010, 97, 221-229. Effective publication Online

"Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. galateae" Finster and Kjeldsen, subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain I.9.1 = DSM 21391 = JCM 15971.
Reference: FINSTER (K.W.) and KJELDSEN (K.U.): Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. oceani sp. nov., subsp. nov. and Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. galateae subsp. nov., novel sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from the oxygen minimum zone off the coast of Peru. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek,  2010, 97, 221-229. Effective publication Online

"Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. oceani" Finster and Kjeldsen, subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain I.8.1 = DSM 21390 = JCM 15970.
Reference: FINSTER (K.W.) and KJELDSEN (K.U.): Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. oceani sp. nov., subsp. nov. and Desulfovibrio oceani subsp. galateae subsp. nov., novel sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from the oxygen minimum zone off the coast of Peru. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 2010, 97, 221-229. Effective publication Online

"Desulfovibrio portus" Suzuki et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain MSL79 = JCM 14722 = DSM 19338.
Reference: SUZUKI (D.), UEKI (A.), AMAISHI (A.) and UEKI (K.): Desulfovibrio portus sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium in the class Deltaproteobacteria isolated from an estuarine sediment. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2009, 55, 125-133. Effective publication Online

"Desulfovibrionaceae" Devereux et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Desulfovibrio Kluyver and van Niel 1936 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: DEVEREUX (R.), HE (S.H.), DOYLE (C.L.), ORKLAND (S.), STAHL (D.A.), LEGALL (J.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Diversity and origin of Desulfovibrio species: phylogenetic definition of a family. J. Bact., 1990, 172, 3609-3619.

"Desulfurobacterium crinifex" Alain et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain NE1206 = DSM 15218.
Reference: ALAIN (K.), ROLLAND (S.), CRASSOUS (P.), LESONGEUR (F.), ZBINDEN (M.), LE GALL (C.), GODFROY (A.), PAGE (A.), JUNIPER (S.K.), CAMBON-BONAVITA (M.A.), DUCHIRON (F.) and QUERELLOU (J.): Desulfurobacterium crinifex sp. nov., a novel thermophilic, pinkish-streamer forming, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from a Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal vent and amendment of the genus Desulfurobacterium. Extremophiles, 2003, 7, 361-370.

"Desulfurococcus saccharovorans" Stetter, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: STETTER (K.O.): Diversity of extremely thermophilic archaebacteria. In: T.D. BROCK (ed.), Thermophiles: General, Molecular and Applied Microbiology, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 39-74.

"Dietzia lutea" Li et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain YIM 80766 = KCTC 19232 = DSM 45074 = CCTCC AA 207008.
Reference: LI (J.), CHEN (C.), ZHAO (G.Z.), KLENK (H.P.), PUKALL (R.), ZHANG (Y.Q.), TANG (S.K.) and LI (W.J.): Description of Dietzia lutea sp. nov., isolated from a desert soil in Egypt. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2009, 32, 118-123. Effective publication Online

"Diplocalyx cryptotermitidis" Wier et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: WIER (A.), ASHEN (J.) and MARGULIS (L.): Canaleparolina darwiniensis, gen. nov., sp. nov., and other pillotinaceous spirochetes from insects. Int. Microbiol., 2000, 3, 213-223.

"Dysgonomonas hofstadii" Lawson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain MX 1040 = CCUG 54731 = CCM 7606.
Reference: LAWSON (P.A.), CARLSON (P.), WERNERSSON (S.), MOORE (E.R.) and FALSEN (E.): Dysgonomonas hofstadii sp. nov., isolated from a human clinical source. Anaerobe, published online: June 30, 2009 (doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2009.06.005). Effective publication Online

"Ehrlichia platys" French and Harvey, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: FRENCH (T.W.) and HARVEY (J.W.): Serologic diagnosis of infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia in dogs using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1983, 44, 2407-2411.
Note: "Ehrlichia platys" is now known as ¤ Anaplasma platys Dumler et al. 2001, sp. nov.

"Ehrlichia risticii subsp. atypicalis" Kakoma et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: KAKOMA (I.), HANSEN (R.D.), ANDERSON (B.E.), HANLEY (T.A.), SIMS (K.G.), LIU (L.), BELLAMY (C.), LONG (M.T.) and BAEK (B.K.): Cultural, molecular, and immunological characterization of the etiologic agent for atypical canine ehrlichiosis. J. Clin. Microbiol., 1994, 32, 170-175.

"Elusimicrobia" Geissinger et al., class. nov.
Proposed type order: "Elusimicrobiales" Geissinger et al.
Reference: GEISSINGER (O.), HERLEMANN (D.P.R.), MÖRSCHEL (E.), MAIER (U.G.) and BRUNE (A.): The ultramicrobacterium "Elusimicrobium minutum" gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultivated representative of the Termite Group 1 phylum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 2831-2840. Effective publication Online

"Elusimicrobiaceae" Geissinger et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: "Elusimicrobium" Geissinger et al.
Reference: GEISSINGER (O.), HERLEMANN (D.P.R.), MÖRSCHEL (E.), MAIER (U.G.) and BRUNE (A.): The ultramicrobacterium "Elusimicrobium minutum" gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultivated representative of the Termite Group 1 phylum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 2831-2840. Effective publication Online

"Elusimicrobiales" Geissinger et al., ord. nov.
Proposed type genus: "Elusimicrobium" Geissinger et al.
Reference: GEISSINGER (O.), HERLEMANN (D.P.R.), MÖRSCHEL (E.), MAIER (U.G.) and BRUNE (A.): The ultramicrobacterium "Elusimicrobium minutum" gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultivated representative of the Termite Group 1 phylum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 2831-2840. Effective publication Online

"Elusimicrobium" Geissinger et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Elusimicrobium minutum" Geissinger et al.
Reference: GEISSINGER (O.), HERLEMANN (D.P.R.), MÖRSCHEL (E.), MAIER (U.G.) and BRUNE (A.): The ultramicrobacterium "Elusimicrobium minutum" gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultivated representative of the Termite Group 1 phylum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 2831-2840. Effective publication Online

"Elusimicrobium minutum" Geissinger et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Pei191 = ATCC BAA-1559 = JCM 14958.
Reference: GEISSINGER (O.), HERLEMANN (D.P.R.), MÖRSCHEL (E.), MAIER (U.G.) and BRUNE (A.): The ultramicrobacterium "Elusimicrobium minutum" gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultivated representative of the Termite Group 1 phylum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 2831-2840. Effective publication Online

"Empedobacter haloabium" Konishi et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain G 393-B445 = ATCC 31962.
Reference: KONISHI (M.), SUGAWARA (K.), HANADA (M.), TOMITA (K.), TOMATSU (K.), MIYAKI (T.), KAWAGUCHI (H.), BUCK (R.E.), MORE (C.) and ROSSOMANO (V.Z.): Empedopeptin (BMY-28117), a new depsipeptide antibiotic. I. Production, isolation and properties. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1984, 37, 949-957.

"Ensifer mexicanus" Lloreta et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ITTG R7 = CFN ER1001 = HAMBI 2910 = CIP 109033 = ATCC BAA-1312 = DSM18446.
Reference: LLORETA (L.), ORMEÑO-ORRILLOA (E.), RINCÓN (R.), MARTÍNEZ-ROMERO (J.), MARCO ANTONIO ROGEL-HERNÁNDEZ (M.A.) and ESPERANZA MARTÍNEZ-ROMERO (E.): Ensifer mexicanus sp. nov. a new species nodulating Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze in Mexico. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2007, 30, 280-290. Effective publication Online

"Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. hormaechei" O'Hara et al. 1990, subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain 0992-77 = ATCC 49162 = CIP 103441 = CCUG 27126.
Reference: HOFFMANN (H.), STINDL (S.), LUDWIG (W.), STUMPF (A.), MEHLEN (A.), MONGET (D.), PIERARD (D.), ZIESING (S.), HEESEMANN (J.), ROGGENKAMP (A.) and SCHLEIFER (K.H.): Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. oharae subsp. nov., E. hormaechei subsp. hormaechei comb. nov., and E. hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii subsp. nov., three new subspecies of clinical importance. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005, 43, 3297-3303.

"Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. oharae" Hoffmann et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain EN-314 = DSM 16687 = CIP 108490.
Reference: HOFFMANN (H.), STINDL (S.), LUDWIG (W.), STUMPF (A.), MEHLEN (A.), MONGET (D.), PIERARD (D.), ZIESING (S.), HEESEMANN (J.), ROGGENKAMP (A.) and SCHLEIFER (K.H.): Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. oharae subsp. nov., E. hormaechei subsp. hormaechei comb. nov., and E. hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii subsp. nov., three new subspecies of clinical importance. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005, 43, 3297-3303.

"Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii" Hoffmann et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain EN-562 = DSM 16691 = CIP 108489.
Reference: HOFFMANN (H.), STINDL (S.), LUDWIG (W.), STUMPF (A.), MEHLEN (A.), MONGET (D.), PIERARD (D.), ZIESING (S.), HEESEMANN (J.), ROGGENKAMP (A.) and SCHLEIFER (K.H.): Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. oharae subsp. nov., E. hormaechei subsp. hormaechei comb. nov., and E. hormaechei subsp. steigerwaltii subsp. nov., three new subspecies of clinical importance. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005, 43, 3297-3303.

"Enterococcaceae" Ludwig et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Enterococcus (ex Thiercelin and Jouhaud 1903) Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz 1984.
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Family IV. Enterococcaceae fam. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 594.

"Enterococcus sanguinicola" Carvalho et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain ATCC BAA-781 = CCUG 47861 = SS 1729 = CDC PNS-E2.
Reference: CARVALHO (M.G.), STEIGERWALT (A.G.), MOREY (R.E.), SHEWMAKER (P.L.), FALSEN (E.), FACKLAM (R.R.) and TEIXEIRA (L.M.): Designation of the provisional new Enterococcus species CDC PNS-E2 as Enterococcus sanguinicola sp. nov., isolated from human blood, and identification of a strain previously named Enterococcus CDC PNS-E1 as Enterococcus italicus Fortina, Ricci, Mora, and Manachini 2004. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2008, 46, 3473-3476. Effective publication Online

"Exiguobacterium arabatum" Jakubauskas et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: not designated.
Reference: JAKUBAUSKAS (A.), KRIUKIENE (E.), TRINKUNAITE (L.), SAPRANAUSKAS (R.), JURENAITE-URBANAVICIENE (S.) and LUBYS (A.): Bioinformatic and partial functional analysis of pEspA and pEspB, two plasmids from Exiguobacterium arabatum sp. nov. RFL1109. Plasmid., 2009, 61, 52-64. Effective publication Online

"Epulopiscium" Montgomery and Pollak, gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Epulopiscium fishelsoni" Montgomery and Pollak.
Reference: MONTGOMERY (W.L.) and POLLAK (P.E.): Epulopiscium fishelsoni, N.G., N. Sp., a protist of uncertain taxonomic affinities from the gut of an herbivorous reef fish. J. Protozool., 1988, 35, 565-569.

"Epulopiscium fishelsoni" Montgomery and Pollak, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: MONTGOMERY (W.L.) and POLLAK (P.E.): Epulopiscium fishelsoni, N.G., N. Sp., a protist of uncertain taxonomic affinities from the gut of an herbivorous reef fish. J. Protozool., 1988, 35, 565-569.

"Erysipelotrichales" Ludwig et al., ord. nov.
Proposed type genus: Erysipelothrix Rosenbach 1909 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Order I. Erysipelotrichales ord. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 1298.

"Erysipelotrichia" Ludwig et al., class. nov.
Proposed type order: "Erysipelotrichales" Ludwig et al.
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Class III. Erysipelotrichia class nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 1298.

"Erwinia futululu" Yang et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: YANG (B.Y.), DING (Q.) and MONTGOMERY (R.): Extracellular polysaccharides of Erwinia futululu, a bacterium associated with a fungal canker disease of Eucalyptus spp. Carbohydr. Res., 2002, 337, 2469-2480. Publication Online

"Erwinia teranera" Yang et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: YANG (B.Y.), DING (Q.) and MONTGOMERY (R.): Extracellular polysaccharides of a bacterium associated with a fungal canker disease of Eucalyptus sp. Carbohydr. Res., 2002, 337, 731-742. Publication Online

"Eubacteriaceae" Ludwig et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Eubacterium Prévot 1938 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: LUDWIG (W.), SCHLEIFER (K.H.) and WHITMAN (W.B.): Family II. Eubacteriaceae fam. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 865.

"Faenia interjecta" Okazaki and Enokita, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SANK 60983.
Reference: OKAZAKI (T.), ENOKITA (R.), MIYAOKA (H.), TAKATSU (T.) and TOIRIKATA (A.): Chloropolysporins A, B and C, novel glycopeptide antibiotics from Faenia interjecta sp. nov. I. Taxonomy of producing organism. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1987, 40, 917-923. 

"Ferroplasma acidarmanus" Dopson et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Fer1.
Reference: DOPSON (M.), BAKER-AUSTIN (C.), HIND (A.), BOWMAN (J.P.) and BOND (P.L.): Characterization of Ferroplasma isolates and Ferroplasma acidarmanus sp. nov., extreme acidophiles from acid mine drainage and industrial bioleaching environments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2004, 70, 2079-2088.

"Ferroplasma thermophilum" Zhou et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain L1.
Reference: ZHOU (H.), ZHANG (R.), HU (P.), ZENG (W.), XIE (Y.), WU (C.) and QIU (G.): Isolation and characterization of Ferroplasma thermophilum sp. nov., a novel extremely acidophilic, moderately thermophilic archaeon and its role in bioleaching of chalcopyrite. J. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 105, 591-601. Effective publication Online

"Flavobacterium farinofermentans" Bai, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: BAI (J.Y.): Serological studies of Flavobacterium farinofermentans nov. sp.-anti-O serotyping and distribution (in Chinese). Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 1983, 17, 138-140.

"Flexibacter alginoliquefaciens" Katayama et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain YK-49.
Reference: KATAYAMA (N.), NOZAKI (Y.), OKONOGI (K.), ONO (H.), HARADA (S.) and OKAZAKI (H.): Formadicins, new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics of bacterial origin. I. Taxonomy, fermentation and biological activities. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1985, 38, 1117-1127.

"Flexibacter topostinus" Suzuki et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain B-572.
Reference: SUZUKI (K.), YAMAGUCHI (H.), MIYAZAKI (S.), NAGAI (K.), WATANABE (S.), SAITO (T.), ISHII (K.), HANADA (M.), SEKINE (T.) and IKEGAMI (Y): Topostin, a novel inhibitor of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I from Flexibacter topostinus sp. nov. I. Taxonomy, and fermentation of producing strain. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 1990, 43, 154-157.

"Flexispira" Bryner, gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Flexispira rappini" Bryner.
Reference: BRYNER (J.H.): Flexispira rappini, gen. nov., sp. nov. A motile, urease-producing rod similar to Campylobacter pyloridis. In: B. KAIJSER and E. FALSEN (ed.): Proceedings of the fourth international workshop on Campylobacter infections, Göteborg, Sweden. 1987, 440-442.

"Flexispira rappini" Bryner, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: BRYNER (J.H.): Flexispira rappini, gen. nov., sp. nov. A motile, urease-producing rod similar to Campylobacter pyloridis. In: B. KAIJSER and E. FALSEN (ed.): Proceedings of the fourth international workshop on Campylobacter infections, Göteborg, Sweden. 1987, 440-442.

"Frankia alni subsp. pommerii" Lalonde et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: LALONDE (M.), SIMON (L.), BOUSQUET (J.) and SEGUIN (A.): Advances in the taxonomy of Frankia: recognition of species alni and elaeagni and novel subspecies pommerii and vandijkii. In: H. BOTHE, F.J. de BRUIJN and W.E. NEWTON (ed.), Nitrogen Fixation: Hundred Years After, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 1988, pp. 671-680.

"Frankia alni subsp. vandijkii" Lalonde et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: LALONDE (M.), SIMON (L.), BOUSQUET (J.) and SEGUIN (A.): Advances in the taxonomy of Frankia: recognition of species alni and elaeagni and novel subspecies pommerii and vandijkii. In: H. BOTHE, F.J. de BRUIJN and W.E. NEWTON (ed.), Nitrogen Fixation: Hundred Years After, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 1988, pp. 671-680.

"Frankia elaeagni" (ex Becking 1970) Lalonde et al., sp. nov., nom. rev.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Synonym: "Frankia elaeagni" Becking 1970.
Reference: LALONDE (M.), SIMON (L.), BOUSQUET (J.) and SEGUIN (A.): Advances in the taxonomy of Frankia: recognition of species alni and elaeagni and novel subspecies pommerii and vandijkii. In: H. BOTHE, F.J. de BRUIJN and W.E. NEWTON (ed.), Nitrogen Fixation: Hundred Years After, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 1988, pp. 671-680.

"Fritschea" Thao et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: .
Reference: THAO (M.L.), BAUMANN (L.), HESS (J.M.), FALK (B.W.), NG (J.C.), GULLAN (P.J.) and BAUMANN (P.): Phylogenetic evidence for two new insect-associated Chlamydia of the family Simkaniaceae. Curr. Microbiol., 2003, 47, 46-50.

"Fritschea bemisiae" Thao et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: THAO (M.L.), BAUMANN (L.), HESS (J.M.), FALK (B.W.), NG (J.C.), GULLAN (P.J.) and BAUMANN (P.): Phylogenetic evidence for two new insect-associated Chlamydia of the family Simkaniaceae. Curr. Microbiol., 2003, 47, 46-50.

"Fritschea eriococci" Thao et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: THAO (M.L.), BAUMANN (L.), HESS (J.M.), FALK (B.W.), NG (J.C.), GULLAN (P.J.) and BAUMANN (P.): Phylogenetic evidence for two new insect-associated Chlamydia of the family Simkaniaceae. Curr. Microbiol., 2003, 47, 46-50.

"Fucophilus" Sakai et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Fucophilus fucoidanolyticus" Sakai et al.
Reference: SAKAI (T.), ISHIZUKA (K.) and KATO (I.): Isolation and characterization of a fucoidan-degrading marine bacterium. Mar. Biotechnol., 2003, 5, 409-416.

"Fucophilus fucoidanolyticus" Sakai et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SI-1234.
Reference: SAKAI (T.), ISHIZUKA (K.) and KATO (I.): Isolation and characterization of a fucoidan-degrading marine bacterium. Mar. Biotechnol., 2003, 5, 409-416.

"Geobacillus caldoproteolyticus" Chen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SF03.
Reference: CHEN (X.G.), STABNIKOVA (O.), TAY (J.H.), WANG (J.Y.) and TAY (S.T.L.): Thermoactive extracellular proteases of Geobacillus caldoproteolyticus, sp. nov., from sewage sludge. Extremophiles, 2004, 8, 489-498.

"Geobacillus thermoleovorans subsp. stromboliensis" Romano et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain Pizzo = ATCC BAA-979 = DSM 15393.
Reference: ROMANO (I.), POLI (A.), LAMA (L.), GAMBACORTA (A.) and NICOLAUS (B.): Geobacillus thermoleovorans subsp. stromboliensis subsp. nov., isolated from the geothermal volcanic environment. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2005, 51, 183-189.

"Geobacillus toebii subsp. decanicus" Poli et al., subsp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain L1 = DSM 17041 = ATCC BAA 1004.
Reference: POLI (A.), ROMANO (I.), CALIENDO (G.), NICOLAUS (G.), ORLANDO (P.), FALCO (A.D.), LAMA (L.), GAMBACORTA (A.) and NICOLAUS (B.): Geobacillus toebii subsp. decanicus subsp. nov., a hydrocarbon-degrading, heavy metal resistant bacterium from hot compost. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2006, 52, 223-234.

"Geobacillus uralicus" Popova et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain K2T.
Reference: POPOVA (N.A.), NIKOLAEV (I.U.A.), TUROVA (T.P.), LYSENKO (A.M.), OSIPOV (G.A.), VERKHOVTSEVA (N.V.) and PANIKOV (N.S.): Geobacillus uralicus, a new species of thermophilic bacteria (in Russian). Mikrobiologiia, 2002, 71, 391-398.

"Geobacillus zalihae" Raja Abd Rahman et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain T1 = DSM 18318 = NBRC 101842.
Reference: RAJA ABD RAHMAN (R.N.), LEOW (T.C.), SALLEH (A.B.) and BASRI (M.): Geobacillus zalihae sp. nov. strain T1^T, a thermophilic lipolytic bacterium isolated from palm oil mill effluent in Malaysia. BMC Microbiology, 2007, 7:77. Effective publication Online

"Georgfuchsia" Weelink et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Georgfuchsia toluolica" Weelink et al.
Reference: WEELINK (S.A.), VAN DOESBURG (W.), SAIA (F.T.), RIJPSTRA (W.I.), RÖLING (W.F.), SMIDT (H.) and STAMS (A.J.): A strictly anaerobic betaproteobacterium Georgfuchsia toluolica gen. nov., sp. nov. degrades aromatic compounds with Fe(III), Mn(IV) or nitrate as an electron acceptor. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 2009, 70, 243-253. Effective publication Online

"Georgfuchsia toluolica " Weelink et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain G5G6 = DSMZ 19032 = JCM 14632.
Reference: WEELINK (S.A.), VAN DOESBURG (W.), SAIA (F.T.), RIJPSTRA (W.I.), RÖLING (W.F.), SMIDT (H.) and STAMS (A.J.): A strictly anaerobic betaproteobacterium Georgfuchsia toluolica gen. nov., sp. nov. degrades aromatic compounds with Fe(III), Mn(IV) or nitrate as an electron acceptor. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 2009, 70, 243-253. Effective publication Online

"Geothermobacterium" Kashefi et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Geothermobacterium ferrireducens" Kashefi et al.
Reference: KASHEFI (K.), HOLMES (D.E.), REYSENBACH (A.L.) and LOVLEY (D.R.): Use of Fe(III) as an electron acceptor to recover previously uncultured hyperthermophiles: isolation and characterization of Geothermobacterium ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 1735-1742.

"Geothermobacterium ferrireducens" Kashefi et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain FW-1a = ATCC BAA-426.
Reference: KASHEFI (K.), HOLMES (D.E.), REYSENBACH (A.L.) and LOVLEY (D.R.): Use of Fe(III) as an electron acceptor to recover previously uncultured hyperthermophiles: isolation and characterization of Geothermobacterium ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, 68, 1735-1742.

"Gluconobacter morbifer" Roh et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain G707 = KCTC 22116 = JCM 15512.
Reference: ROH (S.W.), NAM (Y.D.), CHANG (H.W.), KIM (K.H.), KIM (M.S.), RYU (J.H.), KIM (S.H.), LEE (W.J.) and BAE (J.W.): Phylogenetic characterization of two novel commensal bacteria related to innate immune homeostasis in Drosophila. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2008, 74, 6171-6177. Effective publication Online

"Gordonia jacobaea" De Miguel et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain MV-1.
Reference: DE MIGUEL (T.), SIEIRO (C.), POZA (M.) and VILLA (T.G.): Isolation and taxonomic study of a new canthaxanthin-containing bacterium, Gordonia jacobaea MV-1 sp. nov. Int. Microbiol., 2000, 3, 107-111.

"Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis" Chen et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain YIM-C229 = DSM 17858 = CGMCC 1.6304.
Reference: CHEN (Y.G.), CUI (X.L.), ZHANG (Y.Q.), LI (W.J.), WANG (Y.X.), XU (L.H.), PENG (Q.), WEN (M.L.) and JIANG (C.L.): Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis sp. nov., isolated from salt-lake sediment in the Qaidam Basin, north-west China. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2008, 31, 183-189. Effective publication Online

"Gracilibacteraceae" Lee et al., fam. nov.
Proposed type genus: Gracilibacter Lee et al. 2006.
Reference: LEE (Y.J.), ONYENWOKE (R.U.) and WIEGEL (J.): Family III. Gracilibacteraceae fam. nov. In: P. DE VOS, G.M. GARRITY, D. JONES, N.R. KRIEG, W. LUDWIG, F.A. RAINEY, K.H. SCHLEIFER and W.B. WHITMAN (eds): Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York, 2009, p. 910.

"Guhaiyinggella" Haiying, gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Guhaiyinggella guhaiyingii" Haiying.
Reference: HAIYING (G.): Proposal of a new genus for a bacterial strain isolated from blood of a septicemic patient. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih, 1995, 15, 92-94.

"Guhaiyinggella guhaiyingii" Haiying, sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain .
Reference: HAIYING (G.): Proposal of a new genus for a bacterial strain isolated from blood of a septicemic patient. Chung Hua Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Ho Mieh I Hsueh Tsa Chih, 1995, 15, 92-94. 

"Halarsenatibacter" Switzer Blum et al., gen. nov.
Proposed type species: "Halarsenatibacter silvermanii" Switzer Blum et al.
Reference: SWITZER BLUM (J.), HAN (S.), LANOIL (B.), SALTIKOV (C.), WITTE (B.), TABITA (F.R.), LANGLEY (S.), BEVERIDGE (T.J.), JAHNKE (L.) and OREMLAND (R.S.): Halarsenatibacter silvermanii strain SLAS-1^T, gen. nov., sp. nov., ecophysiology of a facultative chemo-autotrophic arsenate-respirer from salt-saturated Searles Lake, California. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 1950-1960. Effective publication Online

"Halarsenatibacter silvermanii " Switzer Blum et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain SLAS-1.
Reference: SWITZER BLUM (J.), HAN (S.), LANOIL (B.), SALTIKOV (C.), WITTE (B.), TABITA (F.R.), LANGLEY (S.), BEVERIDGE (T.J.), JAHNKE (L.) and OREMLAND (R.S.): Halarsenatibacter silvermanii strain SLAS-1^T, gen. nov., sp. nov., ecophysiology of a facultative chemo-autotrophic arsenate-respirer from salt-saturated Searles Lake, California. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2009, 75, 1950-1960. Effective publication Online

"Haloarcula aidinensis" Zhou et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain A5 = AS 1.2042.
Reference: ZHOU (P.), XU (Y.), XIAO (C.), MA (Y.) and LIU (H.): New species of Haloarcula. (in Chinese). Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh Pao, 1994, 34, 89-95.

"Haloarcula californiae" Javor et al., sp. nov.
Proposed type strain: strain BJGN-2 = ATCC 33799.
Reference: JAVOR (B.J.), REQUADT (C.) and STOECKENIUS (W.): Box-shaped halophilic bacteria. J. Bact., 1982, 151, 1532-1542.